Chemical characterization of Cedrus libani A. Rich tar, obtained by the traditional method and Jenkner Retort, was studied. Roots and fallen branches were used and analyzed separately. FID-GC and GC-MS were used for the characterization. The tar yield of Jenkner Retort was 60 %, while it is 30-40 % in the traditional method. 41 compounds were identifi ed. β-himachalane (22-28 %) was found to be the main compound in all tars. α-himachalane (6-10%) and longifolene (7-9 %) were the other important compounds. Some compounds, which have antifungal and insecticides effects like deodarone and E-(α)-atlantone, were determined only in tars of roots. Phenolic compounds were not determined by the traditional method.

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In this study, the chemical composition, fiber morphology, pulp, and paper properties of the pomegranate tree (Punica granatum L.) were determined. Stem and branch wood were analyzed separately. Kraft and kraft-anthraquinone (AQ) methods were used for the pulping processes. Stem wood showed superiority to branch wood with longer, wider, thicker-walled fibers. The holocellulose, α-cellulose, and lignin contents of branch and stem wood were 72.98%-73.50%, 38.37%-39.92%, and 21.04%-25.29%, respectively. In addition, the yield of kraft pulp made from stem wood was higher than that of branch wood. However, branch wood handsheets had higher strength properties and brightness than those of stem wood handsheets.

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In this study, essential oil and oil acid content, antioxidant and antifungal properties of oils obtained from pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) and parsley seeds (Petroselinium crispum) produced on an industrial scale were investigated. Pomegranate seed oil was obtained cold pressed in an industrial scale, while parsley seed oil was obtained industrial steam distillation. As a result of pomegranate seed oil GC-MS analysis, fifteen components were determined. Parsley seed oil was twelve compounds was identified. Punicic acid (61.19 %) was found as the dominant compound in pomegranate seed oil while apiole (14.21 %) was determined as the dominant compound in parsley seed oil. When the antioxidant capacity of the oils were examined, it was determined that the oils obtained from pomegranate seeds have a moderate antioxidant activity, the oils obtained from parsley seeds have high antioxidant activity. Antifungal activity of pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) and parsley (Petroselinium crispum) seed oil against five different plant pathogens, Fusarium. oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici, Botrytis cinerea, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, Alternaria. solani and Rhizoctonia solani were also determined. Özet Bu çalışmada endüstriyel ölçekte üretilmiş olan nar (Punica granatum L.) çekirdeği ve maydanoz (Petroselinium crispum) tohumundan elde edilen uçucu yağların ve yağ asitlerinin, antioksidan ve antifungal özellikleri incelenmiştir. Nar çekirdeği yağı endüstriyel soğuk press yöntemi ile üretilmiş iken, maydanoz tohumu yağı da endüstriyel buhar destilasyonu yöntemi ile elde edilmiştir. Nar çekirdeği yağında GC-MS analizi sonucunda 15 bileşen tespit edilmiştir. Maydanoz tohumu yağı içinde 12 bileşen tespit edilmiştir. Nar çekirdeği yağında pukinik asit (% 61.19) ana bileşen olarak bulunmuş iken, maydanoz çekirdeği yağında apiyol (% 14.21) ana bileşen olarak tespit edilmiştir. Yağların antioksidan aktivitesi incelendiğinde nar çekirdeğinden elde edilen yağlarda orta miktarda, maydanoz tohumlarından elde edilen yağlarda ise yüksek miktarda antioksidan aktiviteye sahip oldukları tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca nar (Punica granatum L.) ve maydanoz (Petroselinium crispum) tohumu yağının beş farklı bitki patojenine Fusarium. oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici, Botrytis cinerea, Sclerotinia. sclerotiorum, Alternaria. solani ve Rhizoctonia solani antifungal aktivitesi olduğu tespit edilmiştir.