Elephantopus scaber and Clinacanthus nutans are traditionally used as wound healing herb. The objective of the present study is to develop a new polyherbal formulation, by comparison, the herbal combination of Elephantopus scaber and Clinacanthus nutans as an in vitro antioxidant activity with their individual herbal activity followed by fractionation of polyherbal formulation for in vivo wound healing activities and identification of bioactive compounds from their active fractions. Antioxidant activity was performed in vitro by DPPH scavenging antioxidant activity followed by in vivo wound healing activities using excision wound model, incision wound model, and burn wound model. Toxicity of the fractions of the polyherbal formulation was performed by a dermal toxicity test. The result showed that Elephantopus scaber crude extract on the basis of EC50 performs a much faster action (15.67 μg/mL) but with less % inhibition (87.66%) as compared to the combination of the new polyherbal formulation of crude extract (30 μg/mL). The polyherbal formulation has the highest % inhibition (89.49%) at the same dose as compared to Elephantopus scaber (87.66%). In comparison among all crude and fractions of new polyherbal formulation, it was found that the ethyl acetate fraction of polyherbal formulation has the fastest activity (EC50 14.83 μg/mL) with % inhibition (89.28%). Furthermore, during evaluation of wound contraction on excision and incision wound model, ethyl acetate fraction possesses the highest activity with (P < 0.001) and (P < 0.0001), respectively. During burn wound model, aqueous fraction (P < 0.001) possesses the highest activity followed by an ethyl acetate fraction (P < 0.0001). LC-MS analysis discovered the presence of several flavonoid-based compounds that work synergistically with sesquiterpene lactone and other bioactive compounds. In conclusion, flavonoid increases the antioxidant activity that surges the rate of wound contraction and works synergistically with other bioactive compounds.
Polyherbal formulation has been used all around the world due to its medicinal and therapeutic application. It has also known as polyherbal therapy or herb-herb combination. This article enlists some commercial and noncommercial polyherbal formulation all around the world. The authors have focused last six years of Publications on Polyherbal formulation in different countries and found that India have topped among the number of publications on polyherbal formulation followed by Nigeria, South Korea, Pakistan and Bangladesh. List of other countries also mentioned on scientific contribution of polyherbal therapy. The authors have mentioned list of publications on polyherbal formulation in the treatment of different diseases are based on pharmacological activity in the year 2015 and found that most polyherbal formulation found in the treatment of diabetes followed by an antioxidant, Hepatoprotective, Anti-inflammatory and anxiety disorder.
Bioactive compounds of Orthosiphon stamineus have been known to have the beneficial effects on health. Efficient extraction of these beneficial compounds is very important. The study was conducted to determine the efficiency of methanol as an extraction solvent for bioactive compound extraction of O. stamineus raw materials. Leaf sample was extracted in 25, 50 and 100% methanol and distilled water for 2, 4 and 8 hours at 40 0 C. The free radical scavenging activity (FRSA) method was used to determine antioxidant capacity and Follin-Ciocalteu method was used to determine samples total phenolic compounds. The quantification of bioactive constituents by using the high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and the standard markers was used for this analysis such as rosmarinic acid (RA), sinensetin (SEN) and 3-hydroxy-5,6,7,4-tetramethoxyflavone (TMF). The current research shows that the yield of RA concentration was high in 50% methanol extracts at 2, 4 and 8 h of extraction. For the FRSA result showed that methanol at 50% and 100% was the most effective concentration levels inhibition between 45-55% at 8 hours' time extraction. For the total phenolic compound, the 50% methanol concentration in O. stamineus leaf had the highest value compared with 0%, 25% and 100% methanol concentration. But, it was observed that time extraction did not influence the TPC values for different concentrations of methanolic extracts. These indicated that time extraction had affected the total capacities of antioxidant and 50% methanolic extracts was the best concentration for indicated the TPC in the O. Storminess leaf.
Medicinal plant derived compound have an important role in the development of many clinically useful agents. Catharanthus roseus is a significant medicinal plant of the Apocynaceae family. Catharanthus roseus plant is used for different disease treatment such as skin cancer, Hodgkin's disease, breast cancer, and lymphoblastic leukemia. The aim of this study is conferring the comparative abundances of different phytochemicals, physiochemical and fluorescence analysis from Catharanthus roseus. Some of the chemical constituent's tests have been performed for phytochemical analysis. Fluorescence analysis was done by using dried powder mixed with different chemicals and have been observed under UV light (365 nm) and ordinary light. Total ash, acid insoluble ash, and moisture have been selected for physiochemical analysis. The precipitate formation or colour change was used as analytical answers for phytochemical analysis. The result of fluorescence analysis observed under UV light (365nm) and ordinary light by observing colour changes in sample. The percentage of loss of weight on drying, total ash and acid insoluble ash were obtained by employing standard methods of analysis for the physiochemical test. Extraction of Catharanthus roseus plant using deep eutectic solvent gave positive results.
Deep eutectic solvents as a new type of eco-friendly solvents have attracted attention in chemistry, medicine, and other fields for the extraction and separation of target compounds from medicinal plants. Deep eutectic solvents are easy to prepare and have many advantages as solvents, such as chemical inertness with water, low cost, easy biodegradability, and pharmaceutically acceptable toxicity. In this study, a deep eutectic solvent made up of choline chloride-glycerol (1:2) was used for the extraction of flavonoids from Catharanthus roseus plant parts (flower petal, leaves, stem, and root). The highest amount of phenolic content was detected in flower petal, that is, 194.50 mg GAE/g. In DPPH test, the maximum amount of antioxidant activity determined in the flower petal was 73.13%; IC 50 was calculated by using a linear regression equation; IC 50 value of the standard, stem, root, leaf, and flower petal was 13.22, 90.44, 83.93, 120.14, 79.49 μg/ml, respectively. The result of this research is that Catharanthus roseus has a compatible antioxidant activity. This can be helpful for the treatment of diseases caused by free-radical oxidative stress.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.