This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of genital, anal and oral HPV infection in Brazil through systematic review and meta-analysis. Methods We searched EMBASE, LILACS, MEDLINE, Web of Science and SciELO from inception to December 2018. Original research articles that assessed the prevalence of genital (i.e., cervical, penile), anal and oral HPV infection in Brazil were selected in pairs by independent authors. No sex, age, HPV vaccination, language or date restrictions were applied. HPV prevalence was estimated and stratified according to risk factors population and by geographic area throughout the country. The study prevalence was pooled using a random effects model. Analysis was performed using R (version 3.5.2), packages meta version 4.9-4 and metaphor 2.0-0. This review is registered on PROSPERO under protocol number CRD42016032751. Results We identified 3,351 references. After the screening process, 139 of them were eligible for this systematic review (57,513 total participants). Prevalence of cervical HPV was 25.41% (95% CI 22.71-28.32). Additionally, prevalence was 36.21% (95% CI 23.40, 51.33) in the penile region, 25.68% (95%CI 14.64, 41.04) in the anal region, and 11.89% (95%CI 6.26, 21.43) in the oral region. Subgroup analysis showed prevalence in each anatomic site was higher in high-risk populations. Conclusion The prevalence of HPV is high in the Brazilian population and varies by population risk and anatomic body site, with lower rates in the oral cavity compared to that in the cervical, penile

Maintaining a good salivary function may be essential for the prevention of the incidence of edentulism in this age group. Furthermore, our findings suggest that rehabilitations with partial removable dentures may be detrimental to long-term oral health.

Preventing tooth loss and recognizing and properly addressing concerns about chewing and dental appearance can affect the general well-being of community-dwelling elderly adults.

Introduction: In Brazil, little is known about the trends of chronic respiratory diseases, which was estimated as the third leading cause of deaths in 2017 worldwide. Methods: We analyzed Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2017 estimates for prevalence, incidence, mortality, disability-adjusted life years (DALY), a summary measure of years of life lost (YLLs) and years lived with disability (YLDs), and risk factors attributable to chronic respiratory diseases in Brazil from 1990 to 2017. Results: The overall estimates have decreased for all ages and both sexes, and for age-standardized rates. For age-adjusted prevalence, there was a 21% reduction, and nearly 16% reduction for incidence. There was a 42% reduction in mortality for both sexes, though the rate of deaths for men was 30% greater than the rate in women. The increase in the number of DALY was essentially due to the population growth and population ageing. We observed a 34% increase in the absolute number of DALY in Brazil over the study period. The majority of the DALY rates were due to Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). For all ages and both sexes, smoking was the main attributable risk factor. Conclusion: In Brazil, although mortality, prevalence and incidence for chronic respiratory diseases have decreased over the years, attention should be taken to the DALYs increase. Smoking remained as the main risk factor, despite the significant decrease of tobacco use, reinforcing the need for maintenance of policies and programs directed at its cessation.

ABSTRACT:Objective: There's a shortage of evidence on the oral health of quilombolas. This study aims to describe oral health self-perception, as well as to verify its associated factors in quilombola communities in the state of Rio Grande do Sul. Methods: The data for this cross-sectional health survey were collected by application of a questionnaire. Since this study was part of a survey on nutritional security, the probabilistic cluster sample was estimated for the outcome of nutritional insecurity, comprising 583 individuals across quilombola communities in Rio Grande do Sul. The association between the outcome of negative oral health self-perception and sociodemographic, general health, and oral health variables was measured by prevalence ratios obtained through Poisson regressions with robust variance and 95% confidence intervals. Results: Negative self-rated oral health was reported by 313 (53.1%) of the individuals. Satisfaction with chewing ability and satisfaction with oral appearance were associated with a higher prevalence of negative perception of oral health, while there was no association between the outcome and number of teeth. Use of alcohol had a borderline association with the outcome. Conclusion: Satisfaction with appearance and chewing ability are factors associated with oral-health self-perception of the quilombolas in Rio Grande do Sul.

Utilização de serviço de saúde bucal no pré-natal na atenção primária à saúde: dados do PMAQ-ABOral healthcare utilization during prenatal care in primary healthcare: data from PMAQ-AB

IntroductionHuman papillomavirus (HPV) infection is a cause of premalignant and malignant cancer in the lower genital and digestive tracts. In Brazil, there have been no prevalence studies that included a nationwide sample, and the prevalence of HPV has not been determined in many regions.MethodsWe will search the EMBASE, LILACS, MEDLINE, Web of Science and SciELO databases and previously published review articles to identify original research articles assessing HPV prevalence of the perineal (cervical, penile and anal) and oral areas. No exclusion criteria related to language or publication date will apply. 2 reviewers will independently screen for eligibility and perform data extraction. Discrepancies will be resolved through consensus; the opinion of a third reviewer will be sought as necessary. Relevant measures and data about study and population characteristics will be extracted from the included studies. Where possible, study prevalence will be pooled using a random-effects meta-analysis. The methodological quality of the studies will be assessed using an adapted version of the NIH ‘Quality Assessment Tool for Observational Cohort and Cross-Sectional Studies’. The overall quality of evidence will be assessed using Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE).Ethics and disseminationWe expect to estimate the prevalence of perineal and oral HPV infection in the general population as well as the prevalence of HPV infection in individuals with premalignant and malignant lesions in Brazil and its 5 geographic regions. This systematic review does not require ethical approval.Trial registration numberCRD42016032751.

Human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) infection may cause serious disease, while pathogenicity of HTLV-2 is less certain. There are no screening or surveillance programs for HTLV-1/-2 infection in Brazil. By performing this systematic review, we aimed to estimate the prevalence of HTLV-1/-2 infections in pregnant women in Brazil. This review included cohort and cross-sectional studies that assessed the presence of either HTLV-1/-2 infection in pregnant women in Brazil. We searched BVS/LILACS, Cochrane Library/CENTRAL, EMBASE, PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science and gray literature from inception to August 2020. We identified 246 records in total. Twenty-six of those were included in the qualitative synthesis, while 17 of them were included in the meta-analysis. The prevalence of HTLV-1 in Brazilian pregnant women, as diagnosed by a positive screening test and a subsequent positive confirmatory test, was 0.32% (95% CI 0.19–1.54), while of HTLV-2 was 0.04% (95% CI 0.02–0.08). Subgroup analysis by region showed the highest prevalence in the Northeast region (0.60%; 95% CI 0.37–0.97) for HTLV-1 and in the South region (0.16%; 95% CI 0.02–1.10) for HTLV-2. The prevalence of HTLV-1 is much higher than HTLV-2 infection in pregnant Brazilian women with important differences between regions. The prevalence of both HTLV-1/-2 are higher in the Northeast compared to Center-West region.