Prevalence of human papillomavirus (HPV) in Brazil: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Abstract

This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of genital, anal and oral HPV infection in Brazil through systematic review and meta-analysis. Methods We searched EMBASE, LILACS, MEDLINE, Web of Science and SciELO from inception to December 2018. Original research articles that assessed the prevalence of genital (i.e., cervical, penile), anal and oral HPV infection in Brazil were selected in pairs by independent authors. No sex, age, HPV vaccination, language or date restrictions were applied. HPV prevalence was estimated and stratified according to risk factors population and by geographic area throughout the country. The study prevalence was pooled using a random effects model. Analysis was performed using R (version 3.5.2), packages meta version 4.9-4 and metaphor 2.0-0. This review is registered on PROSPERO under protocol number CRD42016032751. Results We identified 3,351 references. After the screening process, 139 of them were eligible for this systematic review (57,513 total participants). Prevalence of cervical HPV was 25.41% (95% CI 22.71-28.32). Additionally, prevalence was 36.21% (95% CI 23.40, 51.33) in the penile region, 25.68% (95%CI 14.64, 41.04) in the anal region, and 11.89% (95%CI 6.26, 21.43) in the oral region. Subgroup analysis showed prevalence in each anatomic site was higher in high-risk populations. Conclusion The prevalence of HPV is high in the Brazilian population and varies by population risk and anatomic body site, with lower rates in the oral cavity compared to that in the cervical, penile

HPV genotype is a prognosticator for recurrence of respiratory papillomatosis in children

“…Finally, our study was the first in the literature to explore the association of HPV-6 variants with RRP outcome. Still, it was not possible to correlate disease severity to the type of variant in HPV- 6. This finding could be related to the limited number of patients in our study cohort.…”

Update on human papilloma virus - part I: epidemiology, pathogenesis, and clinical spectrum

“… 12 In Brazil, a recent systematic review carried out by Colpani et al observed the following prevalences of HPV in mucosal lesions: 36.21% in the penile region; 25.68% in the anal region; 24.11% in the uterine cervical region; and 11.89% in the oral region. 1 The study included more than 50,000 participants of all ages; the prevalence was higher than that of Central America (13%) and Western Europe (9%). 1 Another multicenter, community-based Brazilian study of unvaccinated young people found high-risk HPV (HR-HPVs) in 35.2% of individuals, with a predominance of women.…”

“… 1 The study included more than 50,000 participants of all ages; the prevalence was higher than that of Central America (13%) and Western Europe (9%). 1 Another multicenter, community-based Brazilian study of unvaccinated young people found high-risk HPV (HR-HPVs) in 35.2% of individuals, with a predominance of women. 13 However, when analyzing sexually active young people, this percentage reached 53.5% for all types of HPV, regardless of sex.…”

“…In the anogenital region, HPV – especially types 16 and 18 – is involved in the pathogenesis of malignant tumors, with involvement in practically 100% of cervical cancer cases, 85% of anal tumors, and 50% of penile and vulvar tumors. 1 , 12 In Brazil, the national HPV vaccination program was instituted in 2014 for girls between 9 and 13 years old, later expanded to boys between 12 and 13 years old. 1 Vaccination can prevent more than 90% of cases of cervical cancer.…”

“…The high prevalence of infection by the human papilloma virus (HPV) and its relationship with diseases, ranging from benign conditions in the skin and mucous membranes to the most frequent sexually transmitted infection (STI), indicate its importance in the public health scenario and the role of the dermatologist as one of the professionals trained to diagnose and treat many of these diseases. 1 Among the more than 400 types of papillomavirus (PV) described, 218 are related to infections in humans. 2 Its oncogenic potential is well established in several types of neoplasms and has been amplified by situations of immunosuppression in increasingly large segments of the population, compromising the survival and quality of life of the affected individuals 3 , 4 Prophylactic vaccines targeting various types of HPVs that cause benign or malignant lesions on mucous membranes are available in several countries worldwide, unfortunately still with suboptimal coverage.…”