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Reduction in total serum protein content, medullary erythroid hypoplasia, anaemia and abnormal excretion of amino acids and their catabolites are frequent complications of marasmus and kwashiorkor (Foy

APLASIA of the bone marrow may affect one or all of the cellular elements of the blood, and a proper understanding of aplastic ansmia must depend upon the results of bone-marrow examination. Heilmeyer and Begemann (1951, p. 856) have divided bone-marrow aplasia into four types :-( 1) pan-myelopathy, where all the cellular elements of the blood are affected and there is absence or reduction of the precursors of the megakaryocytes, leucocytes and erythrocytes ; (2) true red-cell aplasia, in which only the red-cell series is affected ; (3) white-cell aplasia ; and (4) thrombocyte aplasia, where megakaryocytes only are affected.The present paper concerns only true red-cell aplasia and records an example in an adult male African who was successfully treated with oral riboflavin.True red-cell aplasia is a very rare condition, but it has thrown much light on the factors concerned in the production of the various blood elements of the marrow. So far, only ten cases have been reported throughout the world (Kaznelson

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