Cultivation of true shallot seeds has the potential to be developed in Indonesia because apart from being able to reduce the cost of providing seeds, it also has higher productivity than shallot from tubers. This study aims to determine the appearance of true shallot seed varieties that have high yield potential in the highlands of West Sumatra. The study used a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with 4 treatments of true shallot seed varieties, namely, Trisula, Bima, Lokananta, and Sanren, with 6 replications. The results showed that except for the age of harvest and the number of tubers per hill, the treatment of various varieties of true shallot seeds showed a significant effect on all observed variables. Lokananta variety has better growth component, yield component, and yields compared to other varieties (Trisula, Bima, and Sanren). Cultivation of true shallot seeds in the highlands gives lower yields than in the adapted area (lowland), except for the Trisula variety. Lokananta variety is recommended for use in the highlands of West Sumatra.
Climate change has an impact on the transition function of the wetland to dry land. This shift led to the increased of the dry land area with less potential for food crops and horticulture. Citronella plants have been identified as one of the lemongrass crops that able to survive in the dry land area. However, the resulting yield to produce citronella oil is still very low at 0.8 to 1.0%. In this regard, Arbuscular Mycorrhizae Fungi (AMF) was indicated to be able to increase the absorption of nutrients and water in many plants in the dry land regions. The type of AMF that compatible enough with citronella plant was not identified yet. The purpose of this study was to determine the number and diversity of AMF in the rhizosphere of indigenous citronella (lemongrass). The study was conducted from August to November 2015 in three regions of cultivation of citronella using survey methods and wet screening. The study found four important AMF geniuses in the study site; there are Glomus, Acaulospora Gigaspora, and Sclerocystis.
Abstract-Maize or corn (Zea mays L.) belongs to the family of grasses (Poaceae).Maize is grown globally and one of the most important cereal crop in the world. In many countries, corn is the main agricultural crop, and are used as food, feed and industrial raw materials. Together with rice and wheat, corn included in the cereals that provide about 65% carbohydrates and 50% protein that humans need. For this purpose, many developing countries, especially in Asia and Africa are in a strong effort to increase their corn yields through the use of better seeds. Although in Indonesia, corn is the second important food crop after rice, however, with the rapid growth of the livestock industry, corn is a major component (60%) in feed ingredient. It is estimated that more than 55% of the corn used for feed in Indonesia. Java Downy Mildew (Peronosclerospora maydis) is the main disease that is concerned by maize corn growers. This disease often resulting in substantial losses for farmers, even reach 100% in susceptible genotypes. Therefore screening trial on 11 new prospective hybrids was conducted with the expectation that these new cultivars can be classified in the criteria "less resistant or higher" according to the criteria of modified Reid. Of the 11 new hybrid cultivars, 3 new hybrids (27.3%) classified in the criteria "very resistant", 4 new hybrids (36.4%) classified in the criteria "resistant", 2 new hybrid (18.2%) classified in the criteria "less resistant", and 2 other new hybrids (18.2%) classified in the criteria "less susceptible".
Turcicum leaf blight (TLB) is a leaf disease caused by the fungus Exserohilum turcicum (Pass.) Leonard and Suggs. In Indonesia, TLB was first discovered in North Sumatra in 1917 (Van Hall 1929), and now is found throughout Indonesia (Semangun 2008). Losses due to yield decrease will be greater when the plant is infected at the time of flowering and grain filling phase. Resistant varieties are the most effective way of controlling TLB. The purpose of this research was to test 11 new hybrid maize genotypes to determine the level of TLB resistance. The research was conducted in 2 season, using randomize complete block design, 3 replication and 2 control genotypes. Based on statistical examinations and CIMMYT (1999) scoring system, it could be concluded that 10 prospective genotypes (90.9%) which were SSU3X28871,
Seed matoaclassified into families Sapindaceae, Proper storage process in maintaining seed viability matoa undiscovered. During the process of the seed storage undergo metabolic processes that may affect the viability of the seed after the storage process. The purpose of this study to determine the germination of seeds matoa before and after storage. The study was designed in the form of completely randomized design. Based on the test results showed that matoa seed viability decreased after storage. Matoa seed viability decline in line with the decrease in seed moisture content after it is saved.
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