Dendrophthoe falcata is a hemiparasitic plant that has been used in traditional medicine.The study was conducted to identify the total phenolic and flavonoid compounds, to test antioxidant, and antimicrobial activity of ethanol extract stems of D. falcata parasite on Melia azedarach host tree. The dry powder stems of D. falcata was extracted with ethanol. The ethanol extract was subsequently partitioned successively using n-hexane, chloroform, and ethyl acetate. Each fraction was analyzed by a quantitative phenolic and flavonoid content with spectrophotometer method, and tested as antioxidant and antimicrobial activites. Antioxidant activity was performed by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrilhidrazil (DPPH) method, while antimicrobial assay used pathogenic bacteria by disk-diffusion method. The results concluded that the stem of D. falcata plant showed a high content of phenolic and flavonoid compounds, very high antioxidant and moderate antimicrobial activities. It was also found that stems of D. falcata contain potential phenolic compounds that can be used as natural antioxidants and the treatment of various infections caused by microbes.
Curcuminoids are the main component found in many Zingiberaceae family plants. The aim of this study was to characterize curcuminoid and its activity test as an antioxidant and antibacterial. Dryed powder of C. xanthorrhiza (1 kg) was macerated with ethanol for 24 hours at room temperature. Ethanol extract of C. xanthorrhiza was subsequently fractionated with n-hexane and chloroform to take the yellow or orange indicated contain of curcuminoids. Analysis of total phenolic levels was carried out by the Follin-Ciaocalteau method. The isolation of curcuminoid componens from this fraction was carried out by chromatographic method and the structure elucidation was performed by interpretation of spectroscopic data, including UV, IR, 1H and 13C NMR 1D and 2D. The antioxidant activity test used the DPPH (2,2-diphenylpicrylhydrazyl) method, while the antibacterial activity test used Kirby Bauer test diffusion method. The results showed that the curcuminoid fraction yield was 10.06% from ethanol extract C. xanthorrhiza. The total phenolic content of curcuminoids fraction was 745.45 ± 18.5 mg galic acid (GA)/g extract. Curcuminoids fraction was isolated a known compound desmethoxycurcumin (1). The content of demethoxycurcumin (1) in curcuminoid fraction is 20.97 %.The antioxidant activity of curcuminoids fraction showed strongest activity with IC50 24.98 µg/ml. Antibacterial activity against of the four pathogenic bacteria showed medium activity. The study suggests that curcuminoids extract from C. xanthorrhiza rhizome have potential compounds could be suitable for antioxidant and the treatment of various infections caused of microbial.
Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah diperoleh suatu metode standarisasi warna yaitu penilaian secara konsisten terhadap warna yang dibentuk oleh pewarna alami secang, sehingga dapat dijadikan acuan warna zat pewarna alami batik yang dibuat. Tahapan standarisasi pewarna alami dimulai dengan pemeriksaan taksonomi/determinasi, preparasi pewarna secang dengan cara ekstraksi, proses standarisasi yang meliputi proses standarisasi pewarna alami dan pembuatan standar pewarna sintetis sebagai pembanding, penetapan standar warna, aplikasi zat warna terstandar pada proses pembatikan meliputi pembuatan pola batik dan pembatikan dengan lilin/malam dan proses pewarnaan batik dengan pewarna secang. Analisis data dilakukan secara kualitatif dan kuantitatif terhadap data absorbansi dan panjang gelombang yang diperoleh dari warna merah yang dibentuk oleh pewarna secang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa panjang gelombang serapan maksimum standar warna merah diperoleh pada 450,20 nm. Panjang gelombang inilah yang digunakan sebagai standar pengukuran warna merah secang yang diterapkan.(THE DEVELOPMENT OF STANDARDIZATION NATURAL COLOUR FROM BATIK OF STEAM BARK (Caesalpinia sappan L) BY SPECTROSCOPHY METHOD)The purpose of this research is to obtain a method of color standardization which is a consistent assessment of the color formed by secang natural dye, so it can be used as a reference color of natural dyes of batik.Standardization steps of natural dyes included taxonomic examination, preparation of secang dye by extraction, standardization process by spectroscopic measurement, with “rapid” dye as standard, application on batik process including batik pattern making and wax application on batik and batik coloring process with secang dye. Data was analized by absorbance vs wavelength obtained from red color formed by secang dye. The results showed that the maximum absorption wavelength of the standard red color was obtained at 450.20 nm. This value is used as the standard red color measurement
This study was aimed at identifying secondary metabolites of ethyl acetate fraction of Dendrophtoe falcata (L.f.) Ettingsh mindi plant parasite (Melia azedarach L.). This research was conducted by maceration method using ethanol solvent, partitioning sequentially with n-hexane, chloroform, and ethyl acetate. Ethyl acetate fraction was separated by gravity column chromatography (GCC) in two stages. Phase I GCC used n-hexane : ethyl acetate (9 : 1). Phase II GCC used chloroform : methanol (9 : 1) eluent to obtain one pure compound. Purity identification used thin layer chromatography. Characterization of pure compounds obtained was carried out using UV-Vis and IR. The results show that the isolated compounds maximum wavelengths are at 351.20, 262.60, and 207.20 nm which corresponded to the conjugated synamoyl, benzoyl and chromophore phenol. IR spectrum data shows the presence of O-H, C-H aliphatic, C = O carbonyl, C = C aromatic, and C-O. From these data, the isolated compounds show flavonoid type flavanols.IDENTIFIKASI SENYAWA METABOLIT SEKUNDER DARI FRAKSI ETIL ASETAT BATANG Dendropthoe falcata.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi senyawa metabolit sekunder dari fraksi etil asetat batang Dendrophtoe falcata (L.f.) Ettingsh parasit tumbuhan mindi (Melia azedarach L.). Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode maserasi menggunakan pelarut etanol, partisi secara berurutan dengan n-heksana, kloroform, dan etil asetat. Fraksi etil asetat dipisahkan secara kromatografi kolom gravitasi (KKG) dalam dua tahap. KKG tahap I menggunakan eluen n-heksana : etil asetat (9 : 1). KKG tahap II menggunakan eluen kloroform : metanol (9 : 1) sehingga diperoleh satu senyawa murni. Identifikasi kemurnian menggunakan kromatografi lapis tipis. Karakterisasi senyawa murni yang diperoleh dilakukan menggunakan UV-Vis dan IR. Berdasarkan hasil analisis dengan spektrofotometer UV-Vis, senyawa hasil isolasi menunjukkan panjang gelombang maksimum pada 351,20; 262,60; dan 207,20 nm yang sesuai dengan gugus sinamoil, benzoil, dan kromofor fenol terkonjugasi. Data spektrum IR menunjukkan adanya ikatan O-H, C-H alifatik, C=O karbonil, C=C aromatik, dan C-O. Dari data tersebut, senyawa hasil isolasi menunjukkan golongan flavonoid jenis flavonol.
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