The article presents the results of research on the production of polymer-bitumen binder (PBB) based on mixtures of non-oxidized and oxidized petroleum products, namely high-viscosity tar, darkened vacuum distillate, and oxidized petroleum bitumen 70/100, obtained at technological installations of Limited Liability Partnership (LLP) “JV Caspi Bitum’’ and styrene-butadiene-styrene (SBS) block copolymer brand L 30-01A modifier in the presence of a stabilizer. The results obtained show that the introduction of the SBS modifier in the presence of a sulfur stabilizer improves the performance characteristics of PBB, such as elasticity, ductility, softening temperature, penetration, and brittleness temperature.
The article shows the effectiveness of the biological product "SHER" developed by "Scientific Industrial Enterprise" AltaiAgroFarm Ltd "(Kazakhstan) on a carrier in the form of screening from local wastes of limestone-shell rock in the process of cleaning soils from oil with a high paraffin content. The results of NGS-sequencing of the consortium of microorganism as part of the probiotic biological product "SHER" established a microbiome of the following type: at the class level 96.15% of all representatives of the consortium were identified as Bacilli, of which 95.69% of bacteria at the order level were identified as Lactobacillales. A method has been developed for immobilizing bacteria of the biological product "SHER" on a carrier in the form of screening out from local waste of shell limestone. Based on the research results, it was established that the immobilization of bacteria of the biological product "SHER" by the carrier in the form of screening of limestone-shell rock showed a high degree of purification of oil-contaminated soil (88.63%). To study the further activity of bacteria, experiments were carried out on the secondary use of the residual stock solution of the biological product "SHER" used in the process of cleaning oil-contaminated soil. The results of experimental studies using residual mother liquor and immobilization by screenings showed the degree of soil purification (45.7%). X-ray spectral analysis determined the elemental composition of the cleaned soil, revealed the presence of a low content of metals: 1.42% Fe and 0.84% Al. It was found that on a carrier in the form of screening out from local wastes of limestone-shell rock, the effectiveness of the biological product "SHER" increases.
In this paper, the prevention of negative technogenic impact on the environment of oil sludge by using it as a secondary resource is considered. Oil sludge from various objects of oil fields in Kazakhstan (Mangystau region) has been studied. The possibilities of using oil (after its separation from oil sludge by bioremidiation) as a partial substitute for bitumen base in the production of modified bitumen are considered. The main physical and mechanical characteristics of modified bitumen are determined. The results confirm that the modified bitumen prepared with oil sludge and oil separated by bioremiation method meets the requirements for polymer-bitumen binder to Kazakhstan standards and is suitable for the production of modified bitumen in its physico-chemical characteristics.
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