Technological development is one of the indicators of a country's competitiveness, indicating the presence of advanced research and innovation. This paper discusses the technological development of the country, from the point of view of the infrastructural elements of the national innovation system. The purpose of the study is to assess the state of development of the technological basis of the Republic of Kazakhstan. For the evaluation were used quantitative and qualitative methods, and cluster analysis. The results of the study revealed the main barriers to technological development, such as the low level of maturity of the technological infrastructure and institutional environment. Suggestions and conclusions can be used by stakeholders from the business environment, as well as organizations representing the country's national innovation system.
Project managers often run similar projects in a different way under the influence of particular factors. It is important to discover these factors, which may affect projects` success. The objectives of this study are to examine cultural differences in project running styles of three Asian countries with different level of economic development-Israel, Japan and Kazakhstan, and identify how their styles affect project success. The authors use PMPQ (Project Management Planning Quality) model for comparing the performance of project planning processes, organisational support level and the level of project success. The study investigates 681 private projects from different fields like engineering, software, communication and service. The results determine typically strong and weak areas of the chosen countries in performing planning quality, different level of project success due to national cultural differences. Japanese managers pay significant attention to time and cost scheduling and have better results than Israeli and Kazakh managers. Kazakh managers show the worst result in cost overrun (25.96%) and low result in schedule overrun (32.9%). The study reveals common and specific knowledge areas for each countries` projects and helps measure their effect on project success.
Renewable energy attracts wide attention of world due to high importance and relevance. The study is devoted to this topic and aims to identify critical Project Management (PM) (further PM) knowledge areas those affect efficiency of green energy project, and to reveal PM tools those increase an efficiency. The study investigates 253 high-tech projects from Kazakhstan and compares green energy projects with projects from other industries like Information technologies (further IT), nanotechnologies and communications. Authors use PM Planning Quality (PMPQ) (further PMPQ) model for measuring the efficiency of these projects and for identifying critical factors of efficiency. Results show that IT projects have highest level of efficiency (cost overrun -12,2%, schedule overrun -2,8%, project performance -8,8), when green energy projects show average level of efficiency (cost overrun -45,13%, schedule overrun -6,2%, project performance -7,5). Research findings link these results with use intensity of PM processes. Project efficiency evaluation has also revealed critical knowledge areas for green energy projects like project schedule management, communication management, risk and quality management. Thus, authors have suggested tools and techniques from revealed knowledge areas for improving efficiency of project.
Project managers from different areas struggle to find universal set of factors to achieve high project efficiency. However, the project efficiency assessment varies across industries, making it difficult to apply general concepts and guidelines in the specific project environment. The study’s main purpose is to assess the impact of organizational support on project efficiency in different areas and identify critical processes that increase it. The paper presents quantitative research results by using data from 261 project managers in the Republic of Kazakhstan during 2018–2019. The research sample consists of commercialization projects, scientific projects, social projects, and projects from the service industry. The research findings show the different quality levels of top management support and its high correlation with project efficiency. Furthermore, the study reveals the specific processes for each investigated type of project that highly correlate with project efficiency dimensions. Commercialization projects that intensively use the organizational support processes were the most efficient projects by showing the best result in cost overrun (15%) and the second resulted in schedule overrun (17%). These findings have theoretical and practical implications, supporting project managers in increasing their project efficiency by choosing the critical, proper project management tools and techniques.
Integration of science, education and business is a driver of economic competitiveness in the context of globalization and building an effective national innovation ecosystem. Project management is considered one of the main tools for improving the efficiency of commercialization projects that are the result of successful integration. The study aims to assess the relationship between project management and performance indicators of integration of science, education and business in the face of commercialization projects. The results of the study revealed that intensive use of the above processes increases the efficiency of projects. Moreover, critical processes were identified that positively affect the timing and cost of commercialization projects. Integration of science, education and business is an effective tool for sustainable development and competitiveness of States in the context of globalization and the formation of a knowledge-based economy and the construction of an effective national innovation ecosystem.
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