Konsumsi masyarakat Indonesia terus tumbuh sejalan dengan laju Pertumbuhan ekonomi. Pertumbuhan pengeluaran agregat konsumsi rumah tangga, proxy dari konsumsi, menyumbang porsi yang cukup besar bagi pertumbuhan ekonomi. Pertumbuhan kelas menengah akan berimplikasi pada perubahan pola konsumsi masyarakat kelas menengah yang ke depannya akan menjadi driver perekonomian Indonesia dan akan berpengaruh pada penerimaan PPN dan cukai. Pengenaan PPN dan cukai biasanya cenderung bersifat regressive, sehingga perlu diperhatikan aspek keadilan pada kebijakan PPN dan cukai. Tujuan kajian ini untuk menjawab dan memberikan bukti tentang dinamika pertumbuhan dan pola konsumsi masyarakat kelas menengah, beban PPN per kelas pendapatan masyarakat berdasarkan konsumsinya, serta implikasi terhadap penerimaan perpajakan ke depan. Kajian ini menggunakan data Susenas bulan Juli tahun 2010, Maret 2014 dan Maret 2018 dari BPS. Metode analisis deskriptif digunakan untuk menjelaskan dinamika kelas menengah di Indonesia. Beberapa temuan dalam kajian ini yaitu kelas menengah di Indonesia terus mengalami pertumbuhan, dimana jika sebuah rumah tangga naik kelas menuju kelas menengah akan ditandai dengan perubahan proporsi pengeluarannya. Selain itu, kajian ini menunjukkan bahwa secara umum beban PPN untuk tiap kelas pendapatan cenderung proporsional atau netral.
External fluctuation happened on global economy could be anticipated by Indonesia Government through a good coordination between fiscal and monetary policy. It is reflected from the Indonesia's positive economic growth on 2009 which reached 4,5 percent. But Indonesia's economic growth acceleration still retained by the low activity on real sector, so worried about the creation ofsustainable economic growth. Regarding that, it needs priority sharpening for sectors which has superiority on motivating the economy.To answer the problem, this article seek to identify business sectors which has superiority within economy and to formulate the policy needed to develop those sectors. The analysis is done by using Input Output table with baclcward linkage and forward linkage approach. Because of the limited data source, the analysis only from year 2000 until 2005.The output shows that there are 6 (six) sectors which has superiority within economy, that is Chemical Industry, Pesticide Fertilizer Industiy, Other Food industry, Rubber and Pesticide Industry, All-kind of Flour Industry, and Water, Gas and Electricity. For those superior sectors needs to be done a priority program thorugh budget spending policy.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.