Objective: COVID-19 has affected millions of people throughout the world and due to the high rate of its spread, it is very vital to protect the people who are at the frontlines of COVID-19 positive cases. In this study, we have analyzed the level of awareness among the Healthcare Workers (HCWs) and level of preparedness by the Healthcare Authorities (HCA) for the safety of HCWs. Study Design: Cross-sectional prospective study. Subjects and Methods: Study was conducted online, for 3 months, from July to September 2020, at various Health Care Facilities (HCF) of Sindh, Pakistan. The survey instrument was circulated among the HCWs and a total of 419 filled forms were received and analyzed using SPSS 24. Results: Out of 419 participants, 54.4% were male and 45.6% female. Half of the respondents were doctors (50.1%) with majority having 1-5 years (61.6%) of experience. It was found that the major sources of information of HCWs about COVID-19 was social media (80.4%) and only 18.6% of HCWs had trainings to deal with pandemics. HCA couldn’t manage to maintain adequate supply of personal protective equipment (PPE) as goggle/eye shields were available only to 20.5% HCWs, shoe covers to 24.3%, N95 masks to 28.5%. Conclusion: We identified serious concern in the source of information but despite that the knowledge and awareness level was quite acceptable among our study respondents. However, greater efforts to be taken for training campaigns for HCWs as well as supply of PPE.

Objective of the study is to assess the knowledge towards breast self-examination (BSE) of breasts among young adults in various districts of Sindh province in Pakistan. Descriptive cross sectional study design was used to conduct the study at Larkana. A total of 171 young female students participated in the study including students of matric, intermediate, undergraduate and postgraduate level. Participants were given a self-administered questionnaire designed to assess the knowledge of students towards SBE and Breast cancer. Data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistical tests in SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 23.0). A total 171 young adults participated in the study. Only a 2.33% were married. Most of the participants (47.36%) had intermediate level education, 43.85% were undergraduate, 8.18% had a family member with breast cancer, 38.6% of the respondents didn’t know that breast cancer is the most fatal cancer in women all over the world. A 43.8% considered that family history as a risk factor for the breast cancer, 61.4% considered that pain in the breast is symptom for the breast cancer, 83.63% of participants didn’t know how to perform breast self-examination, 88.3% of the participants were not practicing self-breast examination. It was concluded that most of the young students in various districts of Sindh province in Pakistan do not have reasonable knowledge towards Self-breast examination and do not practice the same in routine life.

Objective: To determine the perinatal outcome of twin pregnancy and to find out the frequency of twin deliveries in hospital based population. Study Design: Descriptive case series. Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted over a period of 02 Year 1st January 2018 to 31st December 2019 in the Obstetrics and Gynaecology Department at KMC Khairpur Mirs, Sindh Pakistan. Methodology: All the patients of age 20-35 years with twin pregnancies of gestational age above 30 weeks presenting in labour ward of KMC Khairpur Mirs were studied. A detailed history was taken, general physical (G.P) examination and obstetrical examination performed, targeted investigations carried out to detect various fetal complications. Patients were assessed for a mode of delivery, records for data like age, gestational age, weight of baby, APGAR score expressed in term of mean±SD and data like perinatal mortality, prematurity, intra uterine growth restriction (IUGR), the weight of baby and APGAR score expressed in terms of frequencies and percentages on SPSS version 20. Results: In this study total numbers of deliveries were 7200, among them 83 were twin pregnancies the frequency of twin was 1.15%. Booked cases were 24.1%, unbooked was 75.9%. The highest incidence of 42.2% of twin gestation was seen in women between ages 31-35 years, the mean age of patients was seen 30.1±4.1 and regarding the parity incidence was high 54.2% in multiparous l-5. The total number of preterm deliveries was 45(55.2%), gestational age was (35-36+6dnys) weeks in 22.89% of cases, and the mean gestational age of patients was 35.7±2.5. Perinatal mortality was 38(22.9%), stillborn and early neonatal deaths (ENND) were 18.4% and 36.8% and common in twin-2. Conclusion: Twin pregnancy is-a-high-risk-pregnancy still is a major obstetrical and perinatal challenge. The frequency of twin pregnancy seen in this study is 1.15% unbooked and unsupervised pregnancies are more common i.e 75.9%.  Prematurity is common perinatal morbidity 51.20%.  perinatal mortality is 22.9% and highest in twin-2.

Introduction: Hepatitis can be defined as inflammation of the liver. Hepatitis may be acute or chronic. It is estimated that in 2017, approximately 15 million people suffered from Hepatitis in Pakistan suffering from hepatitis. 150–200 million people, or approximately ~3% of the world's population, are living with chronic Hepatitis C. Methodology: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on 300 patients selected by purposive sampling who were reported with Hepatitis-C and co infection of Hepatitis-C + Hepatitis-B, at a tertiary care hospital Gambat. A series of questions were asked from reported patients regarding symptoms and compliance. Results: The results were analyzed by using SPSS-22. Among the 300 patients some were on sofosbuvir (n=150, 50%), which the others were on interferon (n=150, 50%). The findings showed that most of the patients on interferon were non-compliant (n=125,83.3%), and only (n=25, 16.7%) are compliant. Among non-compliant factors, fear from injection was reported in (n=42, 33.6), technique for injection (n=38, 30.4%), prolong duration of action (n=35, 28%), adverse drug reaction (n=26, 20.8%). Better compliance was observed with sofosbuvir (n=93, 62.8%) and non-compliant were (57, 38%). Conclusion: This study concluded that better compliance was achieved with sofosbuvir as compared to interferon, rate of ADR’S were also less with sofosbuvir.

Objective: The aim of study is the determination of   prevalence of asymptomatic bacteriuria during antenatal period in PUMHSW, with prevalence of antenatal asymptomatic bacteriuria in neighboring countries. Methodology: This study is Cross Sectional-Prospective, and conducted at the Department of Pathology Peoples University of Medical & Health Sciences (PUMHS) for Women Nawabshah (Shaheed Benazir Abad). All the samples (417) were obtained from the pregnant women attending the Outpatient Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics PUMHS Hospital Nawabshah.All mid-stream clean catch collected urine sample in sterile container processed for urine detailed report (physical, chemical and microscopic examination).All the demographic details were entered and analyzed by SPSS 20.More than 8 international as well as national databases were searched  to  the year 2020, consisting of  google, Pub-med, Science direct, Web of Science, Medline. The data obtained were analyzed and their results reported with a random-effects model with confidence level 95%. Result: Out of 417 patients the mean age of the pregnant female was 29.32± 5.74 years.There were females with mean parity of 2.66 ±2.42 and mean gestational age was25.84± 11.80.Age when compared with asymptomatic bacteriuria revealed statistically significant value p value 0.000 with an increased incidence seen among age group of 26-30yrs n=33(44%).  The total prevalence of asymptomatic bacteriuria (ASB) was 83(19.9%).Age when compared with asymptomatic bacteriuria revealed statistically significant value p value 0.000 with an increased incidence seen among age group of 26-30yrs. Conclusion: Asymptomatic bacteriuria during pregnancy is increasingly found in younger age women, with increasing gestational age. Therefore urine cultures during antenatal period should be done to diagnose asymptomatic bacteriuria in order to make preventative planning and control of asymptomatic bacteriuria among pregnant women.