Este trabalho é um estudo taxonômico das espécies de Passiflora L. que compõem o subgênero Distephana (Juss.) Killip, do Brasil. Este subgênero está representado por dez espécie: Passiflora araujoi Sacco; P. coccinea Aubl.; P. glandulosa Cav.; P. involucrata (Mast.) A.H.Gentry; P. quadrifaria Vanderplank; P. quadriglandulosa Rodschied; P. speciosa Gardner; P. tholozanii Sacco; P. variolata Poepp. & Endl. e P. vitifolia Kunth. É apresentado chave de identificação das espécies, descrições, distribuição geográfica, observações ecológicas, dados fenológicos, etimologia e ilustrações dos táxons estudados.

Passiflora, a genus with more than 400 species, exhibits a high diversity of floral and vegetative structures and a complex taxonomy, which includes 23 subgenera and many sections and series. To better understand Passiflora's variability and interspecific relationships, the phylogeny of 61 species, classified in 11 of 23 suggested subgenera, was investigated. Three molecular markers were used, the nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacers (nrITS), the plastid trnL-trnF spacer regions (∼1000 bp), and the rps4 plastid gene (∼570 bp). Three major clades were highly supported, independent of the marker and phylogenetic method used; one included the subgenera Distephana, Dysosmia, Dysosmioides, Passiflora, and Tacsonioides, a second, the subgenera Adopogyne, Decaloba, Murucuja, and Pseudomurucuja, and a third, the subgenus Astrophea. We call these the Passiflora, Decaloba, and Astrophea clades, respectively. The position of subgenus Deidamioides is undefined. The monophyly of Passiflora could not be statistically corroborated, and the relationships among the major clades and of these clades with the related genera remain unresolved. Our results indicate that a reevaluation of the monophyly of Passiflora and its infrageneric classification is necessary.

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Gene flow between lineages is the possible cause for the presence of different ITS sequences within a given plant, the absence of homogenization being due to the high degree of vegetative reproduction in the two species. Differentiation of P. actinia into geographic groups and the origin of P. elegans may have been influenced by the Atlantic Forest migration towards southern Brazil. The genetic pattern of the interspecific hybrid indicates that plastid inheritance in these species is at least sometimes paternal.

Este trabalho apresenta o estudo taxonômico das espécies de Ocotea (Aubl.) no estado do Paraná, Sul do Brasil. São fornecidos chave de identificação, descrições, ilustrações e comentários, que incluem distribuição geográfica, habitat, estado de conservação e época de floração e frutificação. O estudo confirmou 31 espécies de Ocotea no estado do Paraná. A Floresta Atlântica tem o maior número de espécies (26) sendo onze endêmicas, seguida pela Floresta com Araucária (14) com uma endêmica, Floresta Estacional (11), Cerrado (7) com duas endêmicas e Campos (1). Duas espécies correm risco de extinção local. Ocotea daphnifolia (Meisn.) Mez e Ocotea velutina (Nees) Rohwer são citadas pela primeira vez no Paraná.

Flora Fluminensis is the fi rst and one of the most important works edited by a Brazilian on the fl ora of Brazil. It is the result of the fi rst botanical expedition in southern Brazil, which was lead by a Franciscan friar, José Mariano da Conceição Vellozo (1742-1811). The goal of the expedition was to gather information on natural resources, especially the fl ora, from the captainship of Rio de Janeiro to the hinterland of the captainship of São Paulo. The research took place between 1782 and 1790 and the published work included 1,640 species and 374 genera, 104 of which were considered new. Vellozo was supported by the Vice-Roy Luis de Vasconcellos e Souza and was helped by a number of collaborators, including several draftsmen, the military (during the fi eldwork), and other botanists who described and identifi ed the plants and probably came from Portugal where he took the entire collection to fi nish the project (Damasceno 1977;Lima 1995).Vellozo (1831) illustrated 25 species of Passiflora, but the descriptions were published later (Vellozo 1881), with the exception of P. racemosa. Flora Fluminensis was published in three distinct periods: some text was printed in 1825, excluding the species of Passifl oraceae, but effectively published in 1829 (from September 7 th to November 28 th ); the illustrations were printed in 11 volumes, which were edited in 1827 and effectively published in 1831 (on October 29 th ); and the nearly complete text, with all species described, was issued on July 8 th , 1881 (Borgmeier 1937; the reasons for the delays in the publications are discussed in Carauta 1973 andLima 1995).Binomials that were not new taxa were included in the Flora Fluminensis along with their botanical descriptions, indigenous names, uses and habitats, but without authorship. By examining the list of names, the diagnoses and the illustrations in volume 9 (Vellozo, 1831), we noticed that some binomials used by Vellozo were synonyms or homonyms of names previously adopted by others. In spite of this, Flora Fluminensis is a remarkable work that has been consulted and reviewed by numerous taxonomists worldwide. Unfortunately, the botanical collections made by Vellozo were expropriated during the Napoleonic invasion of Portugal, in 1808, and disappeared after they were taken to France. Due to the lack of voucher collections, the plates, many of them of excellent quality, are usually the best option that botanists have for reviewing the described taxa (e.g., Sampaio & Peckolt 1943;Stellfeld 1950;Mello Filho 1975;Lima 1995).The 25 species of Passifl oraceae named by Vellozo in Flora Fluminensis are listed below; the accepted names are in boldface. The analysis was based on the plates and Latin diagnoses in Vellozo's (1831, 1881) works and the names have been reviewed and updated to refl ect current nomenclatural and taxonomic perspectives.

The chemical composition of essential oils of stems, leaves (at vegetative and flowering stages) and flowers of Eugenia chlorophylla O. Berg., (Myrtaceae) obtained by hydrodistillation, were analyzed by capillary GC and GC/ MS. Thirty-four components were identified, representing more than 80% of total oil. The major components were β-caryophyllene (flowers -12.8%), caryophyllene oxide (stems -17.2%), globulol (stems -16.5%; leaves -22.5% at vegetative stage and 18.9% at flowering stage), 1-epi-cubenol (stems -10.9%), epi−α−muurolol (stems -16.8%) and α−cadinol (stems -12.1%; flowers -10.1%). The oils were evaluated against 20 strains of bacteria (Gram-positive and Gram-negative) and yeasts. All oils showed mild to moderate antimicrobial activity associated mainly with Gram-positive bacteria and yeasts.