Treatment of orthopedic infections usually requires prolonged antimicrobial therapy, ranging from 14 days up to 6 months. Nowadays, rising levels of antimicrobial resistance demands parenteral therapy for many patients. Outpatient parenteral antimicrobial therapy (OPAT) is a modality that allows treatment out of hospital in these situations. In Brazil, where a public universal healthcare system allows full coverage for all citizens, implantation and dissemination of OPAT programs would be beneficial for patients and for the system, because it would allow a better allocation of health resources. The Instituto de Ortopedia e Traumatologia do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da USP (IOT) started, in July 2013, a partnership with municipal health authorities in Sao Paulo, Brazil, in order to initiate an OPAT program in which patients discharged from that hospital would be able to continue antimicrobial therapy at primary care facilities. When necessary, patients could also receive their therapy at the day-hospital located at IOT. Primary care nursing and physician staff were trained about antimicrobial infusion and peripherally inserted central catheter manipulation. An OPAT specific antimicrobial protocol was designed and a special reference and counter-reference organized. As a result, 450 primary healthcare professionals were trained. In the first year of this program, 116 patients were discharged for OPAT. Chronic and acute osteomyelitis were most frequent diagnosis. Teicoplanin, ertapenem and tigecycline were the most used drugs. Duration of treatment varied from 10 to 180 days (average 101, median 42). Total sum of days in OPAT regimen was 11,698. Only 3 patients presented adverse effects. Partnership between services of different levels of complexity allowed implantation of a safe and effective public healthcare OPAT program for treatment of orthopedic infections. This program can serve as a model for developing similar strategies in other regions of Brazil and Latin America.
OBJECTIVE: To compare the bone graft cryopreservation method (at-80ºC) with a preservation method using a 98% glycerol solution at room temperature (10ºC-35ºC), by testing the antibacterial and fungal effects of 98% glycerol and comparatively analyzing the observed histological changes resulting from the use of both methods. METHOD: This study was of 30 samples of trabecular bone tissue from 10 patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty. Each femoral head provided 3 samples that were randomized into 3 groups, namely, the control group, the cryopreserved group, and the group preserved in a 98% glycerol at room temperature for 1 year. The samples were submitted to histomorphologic, cell feasibility, and microbiologic analyses. The results were statistically analyzed using the McNemar test, with a statistical significance index of 0.05. RESULTS: Values obtained using the McNemar test to compare probability distributions of histomorphologic variables (mature or lamellar bone, immature bone, and necrosis) and cell feasibility (osteoblasts and osteoclasts) indicated that there is no difference between the distributions of variables under the 3 experimental conditions. Microbiological analysis of the 98% glycerol solution and bone fragments from samples stored for 1 year at room temperature did not show bacterial or fungal growth. The histological and microbiological investigation were performed at 2 different time points: immediately after the sample processing and after 1 year. CONCLUSION: The method used to preserve bone grafts kept in 98% glycerol at room temperature (10ºC-35ºC) was similar to cryopreservation in terms of bone matrix preservation; no bacteria or fungi were found in the samples.
OBJECTIVE:The purpose of this study was to histologically analyze allografts from cadaveric semitendinous muscle after cryopreservation at −80°C in comparison to a control group kept at only −4°C to test the hypothesis that the histological characteristics of the tissue are maintained when the tendons are kept at lower temperatures.METHODS:In a tissue bank, 10 semitendinous tendons from 10 cadavers were frozen at −80ºC as a storage method for tissue preservation. They were kept frozen for 40 days, and then a histological study was carried out. Another 10 tendon samples were analyzed while still “fresh”.RESULTS:There was no histological difference between the fresh and frozen samples in relation to seven variables.CONCLUSIONS:Semitendinous muscle tendon allografts can be submitted to cryopreservation at −80ºC without suffering histological modifications.
This is a clinical trial which aims to evaluate the efficiency of massage in the reduction of occupational low back pain, and its influence on the performance of work and life activities for the nursing team. The sample consisted of 18 employees who received seven to eight sessions after their work period. From the Numerical Pain Rating Scale, significant improvements were found between the 3rd and 1st evaluations (p=0.000) and between the 3rd and 2nd (p=0.004), using the Wilcoxon test. Regarding the Oswestry Disability Index, the paired t test showed a statistical difference (p=0.02) between the baseline, with a mean of 21.33% and the second evaluation (18.78%), which was also seen between the second and third evaluation (16.67% Aplicación del masaje para lumbalgia ocupacional en empleados de EnfermeríaSe trata de ensayo clínico con el objetivo de verificar la eficiencia del masaje para apocar la lumbalgia ocupacional y su influencia en el desempeño de las actividades laborales y de vida, en el equipo de Enfermería. La muestra fue compuesta por 18 empleados, que recibieron de 7 a 8 sesiones después del plantón. Por la escala numérica de dolor, hubo mejora significante estadísticamente entre la 3ª y 1ª evaluación (p=0,000) y entre la 3ª y 2ª (p=0,004), por la prueba de Wilcoxon. Sobre la evaluación funcional de Owestry, en la prueba T pareado, se observó diferencia estadística (p=0,02) entre el primer momento, con media del 21,33% y el según (18,78%), y se mantuvo entre la segunda y tercera evaluación (16,67%). Fueron encontrados 18 puntos (medio riesgo) para escala de evaluación del riesgo en el movimiento y transferencia. Se concluye que el masaje fue eficiente en la disminución de la lumbalgia ocupacional, así como trajo mejoría en las actividades de trabajo y vida. Clinical Trials Identifier: NCT01315197. Descriptores: Dolor de la Región Lumbar; Masaje; Terapias Complementarias; Enfermería.
Objectives The advantages of using a peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) in hospitalized patients make this device very important for intravenous therapy. This study describes the use of PICCs at the Institute of Orthopedics and Traumatology at the Hospital das Clinicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo over the last 10 years.Methods This retrospective study analyzed 1,057 medical records and included 1,023 medical files with complete information on the punctured vein, diagnosis, duration of catheterization, complications, and catheter tip positioning.Results Seven hundred and twenty PICCs (70.4%) were considered successfully positioned, and mean duration of catheterization was 34.3 days. The basilic vein was used in 528 (51.6%) patients, while 157 (15.4%) catheters were removed due to complications. No cases of catheter-related thrombosis or infection were found. Eight hundred and sixty-six (84.6%) patients completed their treatment with PICC in place.Conclusion PICC is a safe intravenous device that can be successfully utilized for medium- and long-course intravenous therapy in hospitalized and discharged orthopedic patients. Level of Evidence IV; Case series.
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