Purpose The purpose of this paper is to clarify the socioeconomic determinants of household food insecurity in Indonesia using individual household data obtained from the 2015 nationwide household socioeconomic and expenditure survey called Survei Sosial Ekonomi Nasional. Design/methodology/approach A stereotype logistic regression model is applied to detect factors determining household food security. Findings The results from the cross-analysis between calorie consumption and share of food expenditure to total household expenditure (Engel coefficient) indicate that 20.8 percent of households were in the “food insecure” category, 21.5 percent in the “lack of food” category, 26.6 percent in the “vulnerable” category and the remaining 31.2 percent in the “food secure” category. Research limitations/implications The main limitation relates to the data set because the collection was conducted in March 2015. Furthermore, the analysis is restricted because of the limited availability of information on socioeconomic factors of respondents. Further research based on the latest data set with more detailed information on respondents is necessary to deepen the discussion. Originality/value Researchers have not specifically discussed the factors determining household food security in Indonesia using reliable nationwide household survey data. The estimation results clearly indicate that a household fulfilling one or more of the following conditions is more likely to be in the “food insecure” category: many members, low education level of household head, divorced household head, household head is a smoker, household head engages in agriculture or construction work and residence is in rural or backward regions.

<strong>English</strong><br />Direct cash transfer is widely used to strengthen food security and reduce household vulnerability to poverty. In Indonesia, direct cash transfer (BLT) has lasted several decades. However, there are still problems in its implementation. This study aims to analyze the effect of BLT on the food security of household-recipients. The data source used was Susenas March 2015, with a total sample of 285,908 households, comprising 55,238 BLT recipients and 230,670 non-recipients. PSM and IPWRA estimators were used to estimate the ATET indicator of food security. The analysis results showed that BLT positively impacted recipient households in terms of calorie and protein intake per capita/day. BLT also has a positive effect on per capita food expenditure and the share of food expenditure. Besides, BLT impacts a change in the percentage of food expenditure; there is a shift in food consumption from the root crops, animal food, fruit, and vegetables to grains, processed food and beverages, and cigarettes. There has been a change in food consumption patterns in recipient households to become more consumptive. However, providing BLT alone is not enough. It should be combined with other social safety net programs to increase the food security of poor households. <br /><br /><br /><strong>Indonesian</strong><br />Bantuan langsung semakin banyak digunakan untuk memperkuat ketahanan pangan dan mengurangi kerentanan kemiskinan. Di Indonesia, Bantuan Langsung Tunai (BLT) telah berlangsung beberapa dekade. Akan tetapi, dalam pelaksanaannya terdapat beberapa permasalahan, di antaranya ketidaktepatan sasaran. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis dampak program BLT terhadap ketahanan pangan penerima. Sumber data adalah Susenas Maret 2015, dengan sampel 285.908 rumah tangga, terdiri dari 55.238 penerima BLT dan 230.670 bukan penerima. Metode PSM dan IPWRA digunakan untuk menduga ATET indikator ketahanan pangan. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa pemberian BLT memberikan dampak positif bagi rumah tangga penerima dalam aspek asupan kalori dan protein per kapita/hari. BLT juga berdampak positif terhadap pengeluaran pangan per kapita dan pangsa pengeluaran pangan. Selain itu, BLT berdampak pada perubahan pangsa pengeluaran pangan yang ditunjukkan oleh terjadinya pergeseran konsumsi pangan dari kelompok pangan umbi-umbian, pangan hewani, buah dan sayur menuju kelompok padi-padian, makanan dan minuman jadi, serta rokok. Terjadi perubahan pola konsumsi pangan pada rumah tangga penerima menjadi lebih konsumtif. Secara keseluruhan, BLT mampu memberikan dampak positif terhadap beberapa indikator ketahanan pangan. Pemberian BLT saja tidak cukup untuk memberikan makanan yang cukup dan bergizi bagi rumah tangga penerima. Perlu ada kombinasi antara bantuan langsung tunai dengan program jaring pengaman sosial lainnya yang bertujuan untuk meningkatkan ketahanan pangan rumah tangga miskin.

Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS) merupakan salah satu kementerian/lembaga yang mengalami pengurangan pagu anggaran (refocussing budget) akibat pandemi Covid-19. Refocussing anggaran ini juga berdampak terhadap pelaksanaan sensus dan survei BPS, salah satunya Survei E-commerce 2020. Survei E-commerce 2020 termasuk salah satu survei yang harus dilaksanakan dan beradaptasi di masa pandemi Covid-19 karena termasuk bagian dari Program Prioritas Nasional dalam Rencana Kerja Pemerintah (RKP) 2020. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode analisis SWOT melalui telaah dokumen resmi Survei E-commerce dan dokumen-dokumen lain yang relevan secara sistematis (systematic literature review) terkait Survei E-commerce 2019 dan Survei E-commerce 2020. Analisis SWOT digunakan untuk mengevaluasi pelaksanaan Survei E-commerce tahun 2019 dan 2020 menurut perspektif internal dan eksternal untuk strength (kekuatan), weakness (kelemahan), opportunities (peluang), dan threats (tantangan). Secara umum, penelitian kualitatif ini bertujuan untuk memberikan gambaran secara deskriptif mengenai 3 (tiga) hal, yaitu: (1) Urgensi Survei E-commerce, (2) Persamaan dan perbedaan tata laksana survei E-commerce antara sebelum dan di masa pandemi Covid-19; dan (3) Peluang dan tantangan Survei E-commerce di masa pandemi Covid-19. Survei E-commerce 2020 telah menunjukkan beberapa kontribusi penting dalam mendukung Program Prioritas Nasional sehingga tetap dilakukan di masa pandemi Covid-19 dengan berbagai penyesuaian pada tata laksana survei. Dengan memperhatikan sudut pandang internal dan eksternal, Survei E-commerce 2020 mempunyai peluang dan tantangan yang dapat dijadikan pembelajaran apabila suatu saat terjadi force majeur yang membuat BPS harus mempertimbangkan penyesuaian pada metodologi serta keseluruhan tata laksana kegiatan statistik.

Abstract-Radical decentralization reform works or does not work for reducing communal conflict is still debatable. This study examines the linkage between decentralization policy and communal conflict in Indonesia. Two measurement of decentralization: administrative decentralization, and fiscal decentralization is examined. Data come from the Village National Census (Podes) 2003-2014 (N=301.974). Results of twolevel logit regression show that fiscal decentralization not significantly associated with reducing communal conflict. The findings suggest that decentralization work for reducing communal conflict through better capacity of local bureaucrats rather than through financing capacity in delivering public services and district proliferation policy

<p>Distribution of subsidized rice for a low-income household has been one of the government policies to improve food insecurity and eradicate poverty.  From 1998 to 2015, this policy was implemented to distribute subsidized rice for the poor (Raskin) program. Impact evaluation of this program on household nutrition consumption is very important because the level of nutrition consumption is one of the instruments for welfare assessment in Indonesia. One of the problems in this program implementation was the inaccuracy of the target recipient, that was some small part of the poor and near-poor did not receive subsidized rice, and vice versa. Based on these findings, this study aimed to analyze Raskin's impact on household nutrition consumption for both target recipients and nonrecipient. In this study, the data used was Susenas 2015 from Statistics Indonesia, with the scope of analysis covering Java Island. Data were analyzed using the treatment effect method, with the Propensity Score Matching (PSM) and Endogenous Switching Regression approaches (ESR). Statistically and significantly, estimation results using PSM and ESR stated that the distribution of Raskin increased energy and protein consumption in each household recipient group, meaning that this program could reduce malnutrition and food insecurity of the poor. To increase the benefit of this subsidized food distribution, it is suggested that the target recipient's data should be improved, and the inaccuracy of household recipients should be minimized.</p><p> </p><p>Abstrak</p><p>Penyaluran subsidi beras untuk rumah tangga berpendapatan rendah menjadi salah satu kebijakan pemerintah dalam mengatasi kerawanan pangan dan pengentasan kemiskinan. Pada priode 1998 sampai 2015 kebijakan ini dilaksanakan melalui program penyaluran beras subsidi untuk rumah tangga miskin (Raskin). Evaluasi dampak Raskin terhadap tingkat konsumsi gizi rumah tangga sangat penting, karena kecukupan tingkat konsumsi gizi menjadi salah satu instrumen penilaian kesejahteraan di Indonesia. Salah satu permasalahan yang dihadapi dalam implementasi program ini adalah adanya ketidaktepatan penerima sasaran program, yaitu ada sebagian kecil rumah tangga miskin dan rentan miskin yang tidak menerima Raskin, dan sebaliknya.  Dengan latar belakang hasil penelitian tersebut, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dampak Raskin terhadap konsumsi gizi rumah tangga penerima dan bukan penerima. Data yang digunakan adalah data Susenas 2015 dari Badan Pusat Statistik, dengan cakupan analisis meliputi Pulau Jawa.  Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan metode efek perlakuan (<em>treatment effect)</em>, dengan pendekatan <em>Propensity Score Matching</em> (PSM) dan <em>Endogenous Switching Regression</em> (ESR). Secara statistik dan signifikan, hasil estimasi menggunakan PSM dan ESR menyatakan penyaluran Raskin dapat meningkatkan konsumsi energi dan protein pada setiap kelompok rumah tangga penerima Raskin, berarti program ini dapat mengurangi malnutrisi dan kerawanan pangan rumah tangga miskin. Untuk meningkatkan manfaat dari program penyaluran subsidi pangan, disarankan dilakukan perbaikan data rumah tangga penerima dan kesalahan target rumah tangga penerima ditekan sekecil mungkin.</p>