Purple-fleshed sweet potato (PFSP) is a major staple food and feed material in tropical countries. The pandemic of COVID-19 that encouraged healthy lifestyles worldwide further increases the importance of PFSP. Despite its importance, the investment in research to improve PFSP in Indonesia was left behind. The objective of the research was to estimate the genetic variation and genetic distance of new PFSP genotypes prior to variety release. The research trials were arranged in a randomized block design, with nine new PFSP genotypes from polycrosses breeding as treatments and three check varieties in four growing environments in West Java, i.e., Cilembu, Jatinangor, Maja, and Karangpawitan during one season. Agronomic traits data were analyzed by the multivariate analysis. The principal component analysis (PCA) showed high genetic variation of PFSP in four environments. The eigenvalue ranges from 1.92 to 5.29 in Cilembu which contributed to 80.958% variability, 0.543–6.177 which contributed variability to 92.135% in Jatinangor, 0.824–5.695 in Karangpawitan which contributed to 92.117%, and 0.822–4.797 in Maja which contributed to 86.133%. Storage root length, storage root diameter, number of roots per plant, total root weight per plant, number of marketable/commercial roots, marketable/commercial root weight, number of roots per plot, and total storage root weight have a discriminant value of more than 0.7 in PC 1. Agglomerative hierarchical clustering (AHC) showed a wide distribution obtaining two clusters in Cilembu with euclidean distance 1.92–5.29, Jatinangor 1.72–6.09, Karangpawitan 1.28–6.38, and Maja 2.05–5.09. High genetic variation in the four environments greatly supports to the development of PFSP new varieties.

Black rice is a functional food plant with high fiber and anthocyanin content. It has a weakness that is a high content of amylose which causes rice texture to harden. The study used a different treatment of the plant line, namely three promising lines of irradiated black rice M7 (lines 13, 46, and 52) and lines without irradiation (control). The data were analyzed descriptively and qualitatively. The results showed that the three promising lines had better yield quality and performance than the control plants. The highest anthocyanin content and the best fat content were found in line 52, which were 75.04 ppm and 1.35%. Line 46 had the best protein content, vigor, and viability of 7.88%, 88%, and 67%, respectively. Line 13 had the highest amylose content of 14.92%. Line 52 was the best performing line (organoleptic staining and seed pericarp) compared to the other lines, namely 3.25 and 3.

Ubi jalar memiliki keragaman genetik yang luas sehingga potensinya tinggi untuk pengembangan lebih lanjut. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui tingkat keragaman dan kekerabatan genetik klon ubi jalar berdaging putih berdasarkan karakter hasil dan komponen hasil. Percobaan dilakukan di tiga lokasi sentra produksi ubi jalar yakni Kabupaten Sumedang, Kabupaten Garut, dan Kabupaten Majalengka, Jawa Barat mulai bulan Desember 2019 hingga Desember 2020. Percobaan dilakukan dengan menguji 11 klon ubi jalar berdaging putih yang terdiri dari 8 klon hasil persilangan dan 3 varietas cek menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan tiga ulangan. Karakter yang diamati terdiri dari karakter hasil dan komponen hasil. Kekerabatan klon ubi jalar berdaging putih dinilai berdasarkan keragaman genetik masing-masing karakter menggunakan analisis klaster dan PCA. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan keragaman genetik berdasarkan karakter hasil dan komponen hasil. Jarak genetik berdasarkan analisis klaster di tiga lokasi tanam secara berurutan adalah 2,20-5,95 Euclidean; 2,74-5,13 Euclidean; dan 2,26-5,61 Euclidean. Secara perhitungan ketiga lokasi memiliki jarak lebih dari satu yang memberikan informasi bahwa klon-klon ubi jalar berdaging putih yang diuji memiliki keragaman yang luas.

Balanced organic and inorganic fertilization is expected to improve low nutrient on Inceptisols to increased snap bean production. The effect of the combination of N, P, K, and granule organic fertilizer on bean harvests was the purpose of this study. The parameters were leaf area index (LDA), shoot-root ratio, the weight of pods, pod length, pod diameter, percentage of the number of pods, marketable and unmarketable,and percentage of pods by quality class. The experiment was conducted in February to April 2016 at Ciparanje Experimental Farm, Faculty of Agriculture, Padjadjaran Univeristy, Jatinangor. The study was conducted using a randomized block design (RBD) with 10 treatments and 3 replications. The experimental results showed that N, P, K fertilizer and granule organic fertilizer (GOF) in the order of Inceptisols significantly affected the weight of pods. Application 50% of the dosage N, P, K fertilizer combined with 50% dosage of granule organic fertilizer resulted in a higher pod weight per plot, which reached 2 439.84 g. Keywords: an organic fertilizer, granule organic fertilizer, leaf area index, quality grade, shoot-root ratio,

Soil respiration is the process of releasing CO 2 from the soil into the atmosphere, mainly produced by soil microorganisms and plant roots. Soil respiration is influenced by biological factors (vegetation, microorganisms), environmental factors (temperature, humidity, pH) and also human factors (tillage and herbicides). This research aims to determine: (1) the effect of soil treatment systems on soil respiration in cassava cultivation; (2) the effect of herbicide application on soil respiration in cassava cultivation; (3) the effect of interaction between tillage systems and application of herbicides on soil respiration in cassava cultivation. The treatment was designed as a factorial in Randomized Block Design with 2 factors and 4 replications. The first factor is the soil tillage system (minimum tillage, intensive tillage) and the second factor is the application of herbicides (non-herbicides, herbicide applications). The results showed that the tillage system and herbicide application had no significant effect on soil respiration and there was no interaction between the tillage system and herbicide application on cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz.). Soil respiration at 3 months after planting is higher than 6 and 11 months after planting. Soil water content are higher in non-herbicide application at 11 months after planting. Soil temperature is significantly correlated with soil respiration at 3 months after planting. Soil water content, soil temperature and soil C-organic did not affect soil respiration.

Daging merupakan salah satu jenis hasil ternak yang dapat diinovasikan dalam bidang industri pangan di Indonesia. Salah satu olahan makanan dari daging yaitu abon ayam. Pada umumnya proses untuk menyuwir daging dilakukan secara manual, yaitu dengan menumbuk menggunakan lumpang dan alu. Proses menyuwir daging dengan cara manual kurang efektif dan efisien. Selain itu dibutuhkan banyak tenaga untuk menyuwir daging. Beberapa pokok masalah tersebut memunculkan ide untuk menciptakan inovasi mesin penyuwir daging otomatis. Berdasarkan permasalahan tersebut, penulis meneliti tentang bagaimana pengaruh variasi kecepatan mesin penyuwir daging terhadap hasil akhir abon. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan membandingkan variasi kecepatan penyuwiran 525 rpm, 600 rpm, dan 700 rpm dengan menggunakan batang penyuwir berjumlah 13 batang dengan diameter 12 mm. Jumlah pemasukan daging setiap pengujian 250 gram dengan waktu penyuwiran 30 detik. Penggerak mesin penyuwir daging menggunakan motor listrik dengan daya motor yaitu 0,5 HP. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa suwiran daging yang halus didapatkan dari variasi kecepatan 700 rpm. Sedangkan hasil suwiran yang kasar didapatkan dari pengujian dengan menggunakan variasi kecepatan 525 rpm. Kapasitas mesin penyuwir daging ini adalah 30 kg/jam.