The insect is a group of living thing that have the largest number of species. This article was compiled by aiming literature method studies at informing the negative and positive roles of insects in a farming and life. Some insects have a positive or negative role in agriculture and life. The negative role of insects in agriculture and life as cultivation plant, as a disease vector on the plant, and it cause humand being stickness. The positive role of insect is as pollinators, as a decomposer, as predators or parasitoids, as environment bioindikator, as the producer of the useful materials and beneficial in the field of health. Keywords: insects, vectors, natural enemies, pollinators, decomposer AbstrakSerangga merupakan kelompok makhluk hidup yang memiliki jumlah spesies terbanyak. Tulisan ini disusun dari studi literatur dan bertujuan menginformasikan peran negatif dan positif serangga dalam bidang pertanian dan kehidupan. Beberapa anggota dari serangga memiliki peranan positif maupun negatif di bidang pertanian dan kehidupan. Peran negatif serangga dibidang pertanian dan kehidupan adalah sebagai pemakan tumbuhan budidaya, sebagai vektor penyebab penyakit pada tanaman, dan sebagai penyebab penyakit pada manusia. Peran positif serangga adalah sebagai polinator atau penyerbuk, sebagai dekomposer atau pengurai, sebagai predator atau parasitoid (musuh alami), sebagai bioindikator lingkungan, sebagai penghasil bahan-bahan berguna dan bermanfaat dalam bidang kesehatan. Kata Kunci: serangga, vektor, musuh alami, polinator, dekomposer
There is a high diversity of bees in the tropics, including honey bees and stingless bees, which are the main sources for honey and other ecosystem services. In Indonesia, beekeeping practices have been developed for centuries, and they have been part of many cultural practices in many traditional communities. The objective of this research was to study the beekeeping status and managed bee diversity in Indonesia and to investigate beekeepers’ perspectives on the factors and obstacles related to beekeeping. Direct interview and online interview were conducted to gain data on bees and beekeepers. In total, 272 beekeepers were interviewed across 25 provinces. Samplings of honey bees and stingless bees were also done during direct interviews for further identification and, when possible, pollen identification. All data and specimens were then sent to IPB Bogor for compilation and identification. We recorded 22 species of bees, including 3 species of honey bees and 19 species of stingless bees, that are reared by Indonesian beekeepers, with Apis cerana and Tetragonula laeviceps as the most common species. Our research also found that the majority of beekeepers fall into the category of the younger generation (30–39 years old) with educational background mostly from senior high school. Based on the beekeepers’ perspectives, there are several obstacles to beekeeping, especially the occurrence of death of bee foragers attributed to climate, food source, and pesticides. In conclusion, there is a need to develop a strategy for beekeeping and bee conservation in Indonesia, especially for adaptation and mitigation from environmental changes with a particular focus on climate and land-use change.
Coffee of Liberika Tungkal Komposit (Libtukom) is a superior commodity that adapts well to the peatlands in West Tanjung Jabung Regency, Jambi Province. Libtukom coffee, which has a distinctive flavor, is the main source of income for the community in Tanjung Jabung Barat Regency. The problems in the cultivation of Libtukom coffee include pests and diseases. This study aimed to provide information on the type of pests and diseases that attack Libtukom coffee. The study was conducted in March-September 2017. Data were obtained from direct observation (primary data) and other sources (secondary data). Data were analyzed descriptively. The results showed that some of the pests that attack Libtukom Coffee were coffee fruit borer, white lice, and stem borer, with intensity of mild-moderate attacks. Diseases that can infect leaves Libtukom Coffee were mainly (rust and red rust) and roots (root fungi). White root fungus attack is the main problem of Libtukom coffee in peatland, Jambi Province. Farmers generally recognize the root fungus infection, which was already found in more than 30% of the plant population.
Pengujian beberapa varietas tebu telah dilaksanakan di Desa Sungai Asam Kecamatan Kayu Aro Barat Kabupaten Kerinci Provinsi Jambi. Tujuan kegiatan adalah mengamati pertumbuhan tanaman tebu yang tumbuh baik sebagai penghasil gula merah. Kegiatan pengkajian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok, dengan perlakuan empat varietas tebu unggul dan satu tebu lokal sebagai pembanding. Masing-masing varietas ditanam berupa demplot dengan ulangan 4x. Adapun varietas tebu unggul yang diuji adalah : V1 = PS 951 ; V2 = Bululawang (BL), V3 = POJ 3016 ; V4 = PS 864 dan V5 = Tebu lokal Kerinci. Hasil pengujian memperlihatkan bahwa ada 3 varietas tebu yang tumbuh baik yaitu PS 951, BL dan tebu lokal. Varietas PS 951 lebih baik pertumbuhan nya dibandingkan varietas BL, POJ 30161, PS 864 dan varietas lokal. Pertumbuhan ketiga varietas ini tidak berbeda nyata, namun varietas lokal Kerinci mempunyai nilai brix atau rendemen yang tinggi karena sudah beradaptasi dengan daerah dataran tinggi, sehingga mempunyai prospek yang baik untuk dikembangkan di Kabupaten Kerinci. Tanaman tebu lokal Kerinci, telah dilepas menjadi tebu lokal unggul nasional pada tahun 2016 kerjasama BPTP, Balittas dan Pemda Kab. Kerinci dengan nama “POJ 2878 Agribun Kerinci. Dari hasil analisis ekonomi tanaman tebu “POJ 2878 Agribun Kerinci, dengan pengelolaan cara petani, produksi gula merah dapat mencapai 8.320 kg/ha/tahun, jika harga gula merah Rp 7.500,-/kg dapat menghasilkan sekitar Rp 3.813.333,- (tiga juta delapan ratus tiga belas ribu tiga ratus tiga puluh tiga rupiah)/ha/bln. Jika pengolahan nira tebu diolah menjadi produk gula semut, dapat menghasilkan gula semut sekitar 5.120 kg/ha. Dengan harga gula semut Rp 15.000,-/kg pendapatan petani setara dengan Rp 5.013.333,- (lima juta tiga belas ribu tiga ratus tiga puluh tiga rupiah) per hektar/bulan. dimana petani akan memperoleh nilai tambah sebesar Rp 1.200.00,- (satu juta dua ratus ribu rupiah) lebih tinggi. Dengan inovasi teknologi sesuai dengan rekomendasi teknologi, produksi tebu POJ 2878 Agribun Kerinci masih berpotensi untuk ditingkatkan.
This research aimed to know the main pest type and production of “liberika tungkal komposit (libtukom)” coffea plant (coffea sp.) in Betara District, West “Tanjung Jabung. “ Regency. This research was conducted in August to September 2016 at three villages e.g. Parit Tomo, Serdang Jaya, and Parit Panglong and two districts e.g. Mekar Jaya, and Betara. Survey method was used in this research by observing the farmer that managed their ” libtukom” coffee farming. The data collected were primary and secondary data. This experiment result showed that the main pests type of “libtukom” coffee plant is “hypothenemus hampei” insect pest. Average intensity of attacks in the three research areas is 10.33% or it’s around 9.11% to 10.80%. While “libtukom” coffee production and its productivity in the three research areas is 0,66 ton ha-1 year-1 to 0,67 ton ha-1 year-1.Keywords : main pest, intensity of attacks, liberika tungkal coffea.AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui jenis hama utama dan produksi tanaman kopi liberika tungkal komposit (libtukom) (coffea sp.) di kecamatan Betara kabupaten Tanjung Jabung Barat. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Agustus sampai September 2016 di Desa Parit Tomo, Serdang Jaya dan Parit Panglong, Kelurahan Mekar Jaya, Betara. Metode pengumpulan data pada penelitian ini menggunakan metode survei. Survei dilakukan pada petani sampel yang melakukan usaha tanaman kopi “libtukom”. Data yang dikumpulkan adalah data primer dan data sekunder. Hasil penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa jenis hama utama yang menyerang tanaman kopi “libtukom” di daerah penelitian adalah hama jenis serangga hypothenemus hampei. Rata-rata intensitas serangan di tiga daerah penelitian sebesar 10,33% atau berkisar antara 9,11% - 10,80%. Sedangkan produksi dan produktivitas kopi “libtukom” di tiga daerah penelitian masing-masing berkisar antara 0,66 ton ha-1 tahun-1 sampai 0,67 ton ha-1 tahun-1.Kata kunci : hama utama, tingkat serangan, kopi liberika tungkal
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