Influence of indolebutyric acid in the rooting of Campomanesia aurea semihardwood cuttings 94Ornamental Horticulture CAMPINAS-SP | V. ABSTRACT Campomanesia aurea (O. Berg) is a species native to southern Brazil, naturally occurring from the state of São Paulo to Rio Grande do Sul, and presenting a great ornamental potential. The objective was to verify the rooting of semihardwood cuttings of Campomanesia aurea using indolebutyric acid (IBA) doses. The cuttings were collected in the municipality of Barão do Triunfo, Rio Grande do Sul State, in December 2014. The cutting base was immersed in concentrations of zero (control), 2,000, 4,000, 6,000 and 8,000 mg L -1 of IBA, subsequently established in a carbonized rice husk substrate and placed in a protected environment with an intermittent misting system. At 111 days after installation, dead and rooted cuttings, leaf retention, callus formation, root volume, root and shoot dry matter were evaluated. The experimental design was completely randomized with four replications with 20 cuttings. Data were submitted to analysis of variance and regression. No statistical differences were found for any of the evaluations. An average rooting was observed in 28% of cuttings and callus formation was observed in 48% of cuttings. Root average volume per cutting was 0.15 mL, root dry mass was 0.01 g, and shoot dry mass was 0.28 g. There was a negative correlation between leaf retention and mortality of cuttings. It is concluded that the production of C. aurea by cutting is viable, and that there was no positive response to the application of IBA with the conditions under which the experiment was developed.

Campomanesia aurea is a potentially ornamental native species of the Pampa Biome and its vegetative propagation may be an alternative for producing seedlings on a commercial scale. Thus, the goal of this study was to verify the feasibility of vegetative propagation of C. aurea collected at different times under the use of IBA. Cuttings were collected in an in situ in the Municipality of Barão do Triunfo, RS, Brazil, in autumn, winter and spring. IBA at concentrations of zero, 2,000, 4,000, 6,000 and 8,000 mg L-1 were tested. Rooting, callogenesis, leaf retention, mortality and root dry matter were analyzed. There was interaction between the doses of IBA and the collection time of cuttings in relation to rooting. In autumn, there was quadratic behavior with a maximum of 28% rooting with curve inflection at IBA doses above 6,500 mg L-1. The highest callogenesis and leaf retention rates and the lowest mortality rate have been observed in autumn. However, the highest rooting rate and the best root system quality have been observed in spring. We have therefore concluded that the vegetative propagation of C. aurea is feasible and the effects of IBA are dependent on the collection time of propagules.

RESUMO-Em condições naturais, as plantas estão sujeitas a estresses que limitam seu desenvolvimento e chances de sobrevivência, como é o caso da salinidade do solo. Objetivou-se avaliar os efeitos da salinidade no desenvolvimento inicial de mudas de bracatinga. Utilizou-se delineamento inteiramente casualizado em arranjo fatorial 2 (0 e 3 g/L de fertilizante de liberação lenta) x 5 (soluções de NaCl em potenciais osmóticos de 0,0;-0,1;-0,2;-0,3 e-0,4 MPa), com três repetições. Nos menores níveis de salinidade (0,0;-0,1 e-0,2 MPa) as plantas adubadas apresentaram resultados superiores para altura, diâmetro do colo, volume de raiz, massa seca de raiz e parte aérea, e sobrevivência; e em elevados níveis (-0,3 e-0,4 MPa) não houve influência da adubação. Portanto, a espécie apresenta potencial para o cultivo em solo salino, pois o desenvolvimento inicial das mudas ocorreu satisfatoriamente em condições análogas a essas.

Campomanesia aurea is a sub-shrub species native to the Pampa Biome, popularly known as “guabirobinha-do-campo”. It has an ornamental potential for use in pots or gardens due to its small size, irregular shape, intense flowering and aroma. One of the main factors for production is an adequate use of fertilizers and balanced fertilizations. The objective was to evaluate the growth of seedlings and nutrient leaf accumulation of C. aurea submitted to doses of controlled release fertilizer (CRF). C. aurea seedlings were transplanted to containers containing composted pinus bark and CRF doses of 0, 2.5, 5.0, 7.5 and 10.0 g L−1. Height, chlorophyll index, number of stems, base diameter, leaf area, Dickson Quality Index, shoot dry matter, root dry matter and nutrient leaf accumulation were evaluated. For height, base diameter and number of stems, the point of maximum response was at the concentration 6.8, 6.6 and 6.9 g L−1 CRF, respectively. For shoot dry matter, leaf area and chlorophyll, we verified increase up to the concentration 8.1, 7.8 and 8.0 g L−1, respectively. There was a positive quadratic behavior for most nutrients, with the exception of Cu and Mn, which linearly increased with the increase of fertilizer dose. The application of CRF on C. aurea seedlings between 7 and 8 g L−1 substrate promoted an increase on the main growth characteristics of ornamental importance and provides superior results on nutrient leaf content.

The objective of this work is to evaluate the effects of nitrogen doses on the ministrain of C. aurea conducted in minigarden system regarding productivity, rooting and root system quality of minicuttings at different seasons. The experiment was conducted at a greenhouse, and the treatments consisted of collection times (autumn, winter, spring and summer) and nitrogen doses (0, 0.3, 1.12, 1.95 and 3.60 g L -1 ). We evaluated the survival of ministrains, productivity of minicuttings, percentage of rooting and root dry matter. The experiment comprised randomized blocks in a 5 x 4 factorial design. Data were subjected to analysis of variance and polynomial regression, and means were compared by Tukey test at 5%. The mean productivity was 10.0 and 18.9 minicuttings per ministrain in the spring and summer, respectively. Rooting was hindered by the increase in nitrogen doses. We concluded that the survival of ministrains is influenced by nitrogen fertilization, and that the N dose 1.12 g L -1 provides better results for productivity and rooting of minicuttings when collected during the spring and summer.Adubação nitrogenada em minicepas de Campomanesia aurea O. Berg e sua influência na produtividade e enraizamento de miniestacas em diferentes estações do ano RESUMO: O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito de doses de nitrogênio em minicepas de C. aurea conduzidas em sistema de minijardim sobre a produtividade, enraizamento e qualidade do sistema radicular de miniestacas em diferentes estações do ano. O experimento foi conduzido em casa de vegetação e os tratamentos consistiram em épocas de coleta (outono, inverno, primavera e verão) e doses de nitrogênio (0, 0,3, 1,12, 1,95 e 3,60 g L -1 ). Avaliou-se a sobrevivência das minicepas, a produtividade de miniestacas, porcentagem de enraizamento e matéria seca de raiz. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos casualizados em arranjo fatorial 5 x 4. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância regressão polinomial e teste de Tukey a 5% de probabilidade de erro. A produtividade média foi de 10,0 e 18,9 miniestacas por minicepa na primavera e verão, respectivamente. O enraizamento foi prejudicado pelo aumento das doses de nitrogênio. Conclui-se que, a sobrevivência de minicepas é influenciada pela aplicação de adubação nitrogenada, e que a dose de 1,12 g L -1 de nitrogênio apresenta resultados superiores na produtividade e enraizamento de miniestacas quando coletadas na primavera e verão. Palavras-chave: minijardim; espécie ornamental nativa; produção de mudasNitrogen fertilization for ministrains of Campomanesia aurea O. Berg and its influence on productivity and rooting of minicuttings... Rev. Bras.

O objetivo desse trabalho foi avaliar a qualidade fisiológica de sementes de Campomanesia aurea O. Berg armazenadas sob duas temperaturas. Sementes da espécie foram secas e armazenadas a 25 °C e 8 °C por 0, 30, 60, 90 e 150 dias. Observou-se diminuição linear de germinação e do índice de velocidade de germinação, com queda mais acentuada para sementes estocadas a 25 °C. Sementes de C. aurea armazenadas a 8 °Cmantiveram viabilidade de 80% por 150 dias, evidenciando o potencial dessa espécie para a produção de mudas em viveiro de forma programada ao longo deste período.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the concentration of indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) and substrates in the rooting of apical cuttings of Angelonia integerrima. Powder IBA was used at the concentrations 0, 500, 1,000, 2,000 and 4,000 mg kg -1 , and two substrates containing carbonized rice husks (CRH) and commercial substrate based on Sphagnum peat were used. The number of rooted cuttings, shoot length, root system length, number of new leaves, root system volume, callus formation at the cutting base, and shoot and root dry matter were evaluated. The experimental design was completely randomized with a factorial design (5 IBA concentrations x 2 substrates). There were no interactions between the concentrations of IBA and the substrates. There was a difference only for the factor substrate. The cuttings presented an average rooting of 79%, with callus formation in 59.4% of them. The CRH substrate presented the highest shoot length and the highest number of new leaves. The commercial substrate resulted in a high average root volume, a large root length and a great increase in root dry matter. In the rooting by cutting of A. integerrima is not necessary to use IBA and the commercial substratum based on peat or CRH can be used. Keywords: vegetative propagation, floriculture, native ornamental specie. RESUMO Enraizamento de estaca apicais de Angelonia integerrina Sprengel: concentrações de ácido indol-3-butírico e substratosO objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar o efeito da concentração de ácido indol-3-butírico (AIB) e substratos no enraizamento de estacas apicais de Angelonia integerrima. Utilizou-se AIB em pó, nas concentrações de 0, 500, 1000, 2000 e 4000 mg kg -1 e dois substratos: casca de arroz carbonizada (CAC) e substrato comercial a base de turfa de Sphagnum. Avaliou-se: número de estacas enraizadas, comprimento da parte aérea e do sistema radicular, número de folhas novas, volume do sistema radicular, formação de calo na base da estaca, massa seca da parte aérea e do sistema radicular. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado, em esquema fatorial (5 concentrações de AIB x 2 substratos). Não houve interação entre as concentrações de AIB e substratos, somente houve diferença para o fator substrato. As estacas apresentaram enraizamento médio de 79%, com formação de calo em 59,4%. O substrato CAC promoveu maior comprimento da parte aérea e maior número de folhas novas. O substrato comercial proporcionou maior volume médio de raiz, maior comprimento de raiz e maior incremento de massa seca radicular. No enraizamento por estaquia de A. integerrima não é necessário usar AIB e pode-se utilizar o substrato comercial à base de turfa ou a CAC. Palavras-chave: propagação vegetativa, floricultura, espécie ornamental nativa.

ABSTRACT. Campomanesia aurea is a potentially ornamental native fruit shrub. There are no studies on the seed germination capacity and fruit properties of the species. Therefore, the main goal of this paper was to describe the seed germination and the physical and chemical properties of fruits from two C. aurea accession areas. The study was conducted with fruits collected from two native vegetation areas located in the Morro do Osso Natural Park and in the municipality of Barão do Triunfo, Brazil. Physical and chemical analyzes, seed counting and germination tests were performed. Results were submitted to ANOVA and the means were compared by t test at 5% error probability. C. aurea has oblong-shaped fruits weighting around 1.26 g with a high content of vitamin C. Each fruit usually has four intact seeds of which 3% are polyembryonic. Seed germination averaged 93% in 20 days. It is concluded that the C. aurea fruits collected from two different accession areas differ in the concentration of TSS, TSS/TA ratio and vitamin C content, but not physically. Seeds have shown a high germination rate. Características físico-químicas de frutos e germinação de sementes de Campomanesia aurea RESUMO. Campomanesia aurea é uma planta nativa e frutífera de porte arbustivo com potencial ornamental. Ainda não foram encontrados trabalhos que abordem as características dos frutos e a capacidade de germinação das sementes dessa espécie. O objetivo deste trabalho foi caracterizar as propriedades físicas e químicas dos frutos e a germinação das sementes de dois acessos de C. aurea. O estudo foi conduzido com frutos coletados em áreas de vegetação nativa localizadas no Parque Natural Morro do Osso, em Porto Alegre, e em Barão do Triunfo, RS. Realizaram-se análises físicas e químicas, contagem de sementes e teste de germinação. Os resultados foram submetidos à ANOVA e as médias foram comparadas pelo teste t a 5%. Os frutos de C. aurea tem formato oblongo, pesam em média 1,26 g e apresentam elevado conteúdo de vitamina C. Cada fruto possui em média quatro sementes íntegras, sendo que 3% são poliembriônicas. A germinação média é de 93% e ocorre em 20 dias. Concluiu-se que os frutos de C. aurea coletados a partir de dois acessos diferem na concentração de TSS, na relação TSS/TA e no teor de vitamina C, entretanto, não há diferenças quanto às características físicas. As sementes da espécie possuem alta germinação.Palavras-chave: myrtaceae; composição química de polpa; poliembrionia.