Influence of indolebutyric acid in the rooting of Campomanesia aurea semihardwood cuttings 94Ornamental Horticulture CAMPINAS-SP | V. ABSTRACT Campomanesia aurea (O. Berg) is a species native to southern Brazil, naturally occurring from the state of São Paulo to Rio Grande do Sul, and presenting a great ornamental potential. The objective was to verify the rooting of semihardwood cuttings of Campomanesia aurea using indolebutyric acid (IBA) doses. The cuttings were collected in the municipality of Barão do Triunfo, Rio Grande do Sul State, in December 2014. The cutting base was immersed in concentrations of zero (control), 2,000, 4,000, 6,000 and 8,000 mg L -1 of IBA, subsequently established in a carbonized rice husk substrate and placed in a protected environment with an intermittent misting system. At 111 days after installation, dead and rooted cuttings, leaf retention, callus formation, root volume, root and shoot dry matter were evaluated. The experimental design was completely randomized with four replications with 20 cuttings. Data were submitted to analysis of variance and regression. No statistical differences were found for any of the evaluations. An average rooting was observed in 28% of cuttings and callus formation was observed in 48% of cuttings. Root average volume per cutting was 0.15 mL, root dry mass was 0.01 g, and shoot dry mass was 0.28 g. There was a negative correlation between leaf retention and mortality of cuttings. It is concluded that the production of C. aurea by cutting is viable, and that there was no positive response to the application of IBA with the conditions under which the experiment was developed.

RESUMO -Os frutos do guabijuzeiro Myrcianthes pungens (Berg) Legrand têm alto potencial para exploração comercial. Sua propagação por sementes apresenta desvantagens como a segregação genética e prolongado período juvenil. A propagação por estaquia é uma alternativa para contornar estes problemas por ser econômica, rápida e simples. O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar o efeito de ácido 3-indolilbutírico (AIB) e do ácido ascórbico na propagação de guabijuzeiro por meio da estaquia em duas épocas do ano. Os tratamentos compreenderam estacas apicais com imersão em AIB nas concentrações de 2, 4 e 6 g.L -1 , ácido ascórbico (3 g.L -1 ). O delineamento foi completamente casualizado em arranjo fatorial. O enraizamento foi independente da utilização do AIB e ácido ascórbico, apresentando diferença na porcentagem de enraizamento em função da época de coleta com melhor resultado para estacas coletadas em fevereiro. É possível propagar Myrcianthes pungens a partir de estacas coletadas no verão, sem adição de AIB e ácido ascórbico. Palavras-chave: frutífera nativa, propagação vegetativa, recursos genéticosABSTRACT -Cloning of adult Myrcianthes pungens (Berg) Legrand specimen by cutting. The fruits of guabijuzeiro Myrcianthes pungens (Berg) Legrand have a high potential for commercial exploitation. Its propagation by seed has disadvantages, such as genetic segregation and prolonged juvenile period. The propagation by cuttings is an alternative to overcome these problems for being economical, fast and simple. The aim of the study was to evaluate the eff ect of 3-indolebutyric acid (IBA) and ascorbic acid in the propagation of guabijuzeiro by using the cutting method in two seasons. The treatments comprised apical cuttings with immersion in IBA with concentrations of 2, 4 and 6 g.L -1 , ascorbic acid (3 g.L -1 ). The result was completely randomized in a factorial arrangement. The rooting was independent of the use of IBA and ascorbic acid, presenting diff erence in rooting percentage depending on the time of collection with better result to cuttings collected in February. It is possible to propagate Myrcianthes pungens from cuttings collected in the summer without adding IBA and ascorbic acid.

The production of citrus seedlings in protected environment requires a large amount of substrate, which must have adequate physical and chemical characteristics. The use of acidic conditioners, such as Pinus needles mixed with alkaline substrates, allows the cultivation of seedlings with better quality. The objective of this work was to evaluate the development of the “Fepagro C37 Reck” rootstock grown in different alkaline commercial substrate mixtures (Humosolo ES®) with Pinus elliottii needles. The experiment was carried out by testing alkaline substrate mixed with 5-month old of decomposition Pinus needles in situ decomposition and two granulometry sizes, 3.5 and 8.0 mm. The mixtures were performed in proportions between the needles with the Humosolo, (v / v) 0%; 25%; 50%; 75% and 100%. Expanded cellular polystyrene trays were used to accommodate the mixtures and seeding of the rootstock. Physical and chemical evaluateons of the mixtures were carried out, as well as the development of the seedlings. The use of Pinus needles acidified the substrate Humosolo ES®, reduced its electrical conductivity and increased the percentage of porous space of the mixtures and reduced water retention. The treatments containing 25 and 50% of the Pinus needles mixture, regardless of the granulometry, provide greater development of rootstock plants “Fepagro C37 Reck”.

The objective of this study was to describe the dispersion, color, size and morphological characteristics of fruits and seeds of Lupinus albescens, as well as pre-germinative treatments, aspects of luminosity and seed conservation. Above twenty populations were collected in São Francisco de Assis/RS and Alegrete/RS, pre-germinative treatments (seven pre-germinative methods, scarification times and temperatures) were analyzed; photoblastic test (seeds scarified between sandpapers, submitted to 25ºC); imbibition curve (control and scarification treatments between sandpapers); seeds conservation (cold room in plastic bag and natural environment in paper bag). Evaluations: description of fruits, seeds and viability analysis, using a completely randomized design. The results showed dispersion by autocoria, brown coloration of fruits and seeds and some striped seeds. Superior pre-germinative treatment was between sandpapers, for 40 seconds and under 25ºC. Seeds are classified as neutral photoblasts and without dormancy. Natural environment and paper bag were suitable for storage.

RESUMOA espécie florestal Toona ciliata var. australis possui madeira de alto valor econômico para móveis e seus plantios não são afetados pela Hypsipyla grandella, praga que ataca plantios de monocultura de espécies nativas semelhantes à Toona ciliata. Possui uma estreita relação com a água disponível, ocorrendo geralmente em florestas úmidas no seu ambiente natural. Em plantios comerciais, esse é um dos fatores que mais limita seu estabelecimento e crescimento inicial. Nas últimas décadas, sua área de plantio no Brasil foi ampliada, entretanto, é escasso o conhecimento sobre o efeito de ambientes adversos na germinação e crescimento inicial de plântulas. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar os efeitos do estresse salino e hídrico na germinação e crescimento inicial de plântulas de Toona ciliata, utilizando-se soluções contendo, ou NaCl, ou PEG 6000, nos potenciais osmóticos: -0,1; -0,2; -0,3; -0,4; -0,5; -0,6; -0,9; -1,2 e -1,5 MPa, mais a testemunha, com água esterilizada. As sementes foram submetidas ao teste de germinação sobre papel-germitest umedecido com a solução correspondente, e incubadas a 25 ± 2°C e fotoperíodo de 16 h por 21 dias. O delineamento experimental foi o inteiramente casualizado, arranjado em esquema fatorial 2 × 10 (agentes osmóticos × potenciais osmóticos), com quatro repetições de 50 sementes cada. Conforme a redução do potencial osmótico observou-se menor germinação, número de plântulas normais, massa fresca, comprimento de plântula e maior número de sementes duras, sendo mais severo em PEG 6000. Portanto, houve mais sementes germinadas sob o efeito do NaCl do que do PEG 6000. Entretanto, apesar da germinação alta em NaCl, o número de plântulas anormais também foi maior que em PEG 6000. Concluise que a germinação e o crescimento inicial de plântulas de Toona ciliata são afetados tanto pelo estresse salino como hídrico, sendo as plântulas mais sensíveis ao estresse hídrico, e com maior probabilidade de desenvolver plântulas anormais sob estresse salino. Palavras-chave: cedro-australiano; PEG 6000; NaCl. ABSTRACTThe Toona ciliata var. australis is a tree species which yields a very high-quality timber for furniture and is unaffected by Hypsipyla grandella, a pest that attacks monoculture plantations of native species similar to Toona ciliata. It has a close relationship with water availability, occurring mainly in humid forest in its natural habitat. In commercial plantations this is an important limitation to the establishment and