The respiratory system is the link between the outer wall and the body, as it contains a lot of types of bacteria that are part of normal flora (Albrich et al., 2012) and some of them have a role in respiratory injury because they are opportunistic nature in the case of weak body immunity system, Acute respiratory tract infections (ARTIs) are the leading cause of death in low-income countries and rank fifth among the world's leading causes of death, with a global statistic indicating that about three million adults and three million children die each year from this type of infection (Jansen, 2014). Bacteria play a greater role in respiratory infections than viruses and fungi. Most previous studies have agreed that some types of Streptococcus are the most common causes of respiratory infections, particularly S. pneumoniae bacteria, as they are the primary cause of pneumonia.
Haemolysin is a toxic extracellular protein produced by many gram negatives (e.g., E. coli, Serratia spp). Proteus spp., Vibrio spp., Pasteurella spp., Pseudomonas aeruginosa) and bacteria gram-positive (e.g., streptococcus spp., Staphylococcus aureus, listeria spp., Bacillus cerius, Titanium Clostridium), all possess the potential of a particular nurse. Hemolycin has therefore always been considered virulent, most red blood cell decompositions cause red blood cells to decompose by forming pores with different diameters in the membrane and are assigned as such because they have the ability to decompose red blood cells (RBCs). Many hemolycene can also attack -possibly by a similar mechanism -other mammalian cells. Because of this cellular effect, it is also called cytolysins (Goebel et al., 1988).Studies in the living body and in the laboratory have provided some evidence that hemolycin leads to excessive secretion of inflammatory mediators by immune cells that promote inflammation caused by other bacterial virulent factors. Hemolycin has been shown to stimulate the secretion of interleukin-1φ and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) from single human cells as early as a few decades ago, partially purified hemolycin has been shown to have metogenic ability However, some speculation has arisen that the toxins used in the studies may be contaminated by other factors that stimulate the glioblastoma of lymphocytes (Adam Bownik et al.,2008). Further studies on pure poison have shown that hemolycin actually stimulates the proliferation of human T and non-T lymphocytes.This property is usually maintained after the poison is disabled at 60°C for 10 minutes but in return, its hemolytic activity is reduced (Adam Bownik et al., 2008).
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