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Objective Data on the immune response to SARS‐CoV‐2 during pregnancy are lacking and the potential role and effect of SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccination in pregnancy is yet to be completely investigated. Method This is a cross‐sectional observational study wherein pregnant women were tested for SARS‐CoV‐2 immunoglobulin M and immunoglobulin G levels, irrespective of their infective status or presence or symptomatology. Result Of the 220 pregnant women tested, 160 (72.7%) were SARS‐CoV‐2 IgG positive, 37 (16.8%) were SARS‐CoV‐2 IgM positive and 27 (16.9%) were both IgG and IgM positive. The average antibody titer found was 10.49 BAU/ml (±14.0) and 0.6 (±0.55) for anti‐SARS‐CoV‐2 IgG and IgM non neutralizing antibodies respectively. ROC analysis for SARS‐CoV‐2 IgG positivity showed a cut‐off value of 1.19 with a sensitivity of 99.3% (0.99 AUC, 95% CI) and specificity of 98.3% (0.99 AUC, 95% CI), respectively. Similarly, ROC analysis for SARS‐CoV‐2 IgM positivity showed a cut‐off value of 1 with a sensitivity of 97.3% (0.99 AUC, 95% CI) and specificity of 98.9% (0.99 AUC, 95% CI), respectively. Conclusion First trimester sero‐molecular screening suggests a high prevalence of COVID antibodies in the study population of pregnant women in the first trimester, without the patients being symptomatic.

Objective To study the prevalence of mental health problems among mothers of preterm infants admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Methods In this cross‐sectional two‐arm study, 130 mothers in each group, with either term infants not in NICU or preterm infants admitted to NICU, underwent mental health assessment using the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale, Centre for Epidemiologic Studies—Depression Scale, Stanford Acute Stress Reaction Questionnaire and Modified Parental Stress Scale—NICU. Their coping styles and quality of life were also assessed. Data were analyzed using SPSS IBM 25.0. Results Anxiety (66.2% versus 46.9%) and depression (45.4% versus 23.1%) were more common among NICU mothers. Regarding subdomains of acute stress reaction, a higher number of NICU mothers showed symptoms of anxiety, re‐experience and functional impairment. For mothers with infants in NICU, sight, sound, and parental role alterations were stressful. They had reduced quality of life scores in domains of physical health, psychological health, and social relationships. Also, a higher number of these mothers exhibited problem‐solving and emotion‐focused coping. Conclusion Preterm birth with NICU admission of the infant is more stressful for a mother than the term birth of a healthy neonate. It affects her mental health and quality of life. Both the obstetrician and the pediatrician should be mindful of this.

Zika virus (ZIKV) belongs to the family of flaviviruses and is transmitted by mosquitoes of the genus Aedes (A. aegypti and A. albopictus). ZIKV infection in pregnancy can have serious implications on the fetus and the neonate. Vertical transmission to the fetus can occur irrespective of symptomatic or asymptomatic infection in the pregnant woman and the risk can persist throughout pregnancy. The exact frequency of maternal-to-fetal transmission of Zika virus is difficult to determine accurately. The greatest risk of serious fetal sequelae is seen if the infection occurs within the first and second trimester. However, they can also be seen with infections in the third trimester. This document describes the presentation, fetomaternal manifestations, role of prenatal Ultrasound in diagnosis of infection, testing methods and the management in pregnancy and screening in the neonatal period. In the absence of robust evidence as to the definite effects, this document is aimed at providing practice recommendations for the management of this infection.

Langerhans cell histiocytosis is a disorder of the mononuclear phagocytic system. Virtually any organ can be involved, the bone, skin, lungs, and pituitary gland being the most common. We describe the case of a 30-year-old man who presented with painless neck swelling. 18 F-FDG PET/ CT showed bilateral bulky parotid and submandibular glands with increased metabolic activity. Histopathology confirmed the diagnosis of Langerhans cell histiocytosis. To our knowledge, there has been no description of 18 F-FDG PET/CT findings in Langerhans cell histiocytosis of salivary glands in literature. We aim to aid in the diagnosis and management of this rare presentation.

Introduction :The corona virus disease 2019 [COVID-19] has rapidly spread worldwide and is now a global pandemic. It is matter of concern whether the COVID-19 affects the pregnancy and its outcome.In this study,investigation was done to determine the possibility of effects of COVID-19 on pregnancy and its outcome. Materials and Methods : A total of 1014 pregnant women were included in the study, from 1st April to 30 Nov 2020 at a zonal military hospital.There were 148 women who tested COVID-19 RT-PCR [reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction] positive and remaining 866 were COVID-19 negative.Findings of antenatal complications and perinatal outcome were compared in both the groups. Results :The incidence of COVID-19 positive pregnant women was found to be 14.59 %.No increase in rate of antenatal complications was seen in COVID-19 positive patients.Cesarean delivery rate was more in the COVID-19 positive group (52%) as compared to COVID-19 negative group (38%),(p > 0.05). Low APGAR score (0-3) was observed in 1 (0.67%) neonate of COVID-19 positive mothers and in 9 (1.03%) neonates of COVID-19 negative mothers.Overall 148 neonates were tested for the possibility of vertical transmission, 145 neonates were negative in RT-PCR, while 3 were positive.Conclusion : There is no significant effect of COVID-19 infection on maternal and foetal outcome in pregnancy and possibility of vertical transmission of the COVID-19 infection can not be ruled out.

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