Background: Abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) is change in frequency of menses, duration of flow or amount of blood loss. The objectives of the present study were to determine and compare the diagnostic accuracy of TVUS (Transvaginal ultrasonogrphy) with hysteroscopy for diagnosis of endometrial and intramyometrial pathology in case of abnormal uterine bleeding, to study the correlation with histopathological report of endometrial biopsyMethods: It was a prospective comparative study. 200 cases of AUB were selected from June 2010 to May 2012 attending Gynaecology OPD in tertiary care level public sector teaching hospital at Mumbai, meeting the selection criteria were enrolled into the study. Complete history, detail general, systemic and local examination was performed for all patients. Two-dimensional transvaginal ultrasonography was performed to see for endometrial or intramyometrial pathology. Endometrial thickness was noted for all patients. Hysteroscopy and D&C was performed within 48 hours of ultrasonography. After hysteroscopy, curettage was performed and sent for histopathological examination.Results: TVUS detected, 19 polyps (9.5%) and 81 myomas. It was able to differentiate these myomas as 64 interstitials (32%) and 17 submucous (8.5%) hysteroscopy detected 26 submucous myomas (13%), 31 polyps (15.5%), endometrial hyperplasia detected by TVUS, 19 in premenopausal and 06 in postmenopausal age group. Hysteroscopy detected 24 in premenopausal and 06 in post-menopausal age group. Histopathology of endometrial biopsy it came positive for 13 in premenopausal and 08 in postmenopausal age group. Two cases of CA endometrium were diagnosed on HPE out of which one was diagnosed by TVUS and same was diagnosed by hysteroscopy. Conclusions: TVUS has significantly lower sensitivity but comparable specificity with hysteroscopy in diagnosing endometrial polyp and submucous fibroid, comparable sensitivity and specificity in diagnosing endometrial hyperplasia, equivalent sensitivity and specificity in diagnosing endometrial carcinoma, accuracy of TVUS for detecting pathology in AUB is comparable to hysteroscopy, suitable for developing countries as first diagnostic step for AUB.

Background: Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy is one kind of the hepatic disorder which is unique to pregnancy. It is associated with many adverse pregnancy outcomes if doesn’t intervened at right time. It requires adequate clinico-biochemical correlation during management.Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted at multispecialty government zonal hospital. Total 137 IHCP patients were managed during the study period from 01 Jan 2017 to 30 Jun 2019. Incidence and pregnancy outcome in form of several maternal and fetal factors were analysed by appropriate statistical test using spps software version 20.0.Results: During the study period total 4872 patients were undergoing delivery and 137 patients were diagnosed with IHCP. The incidence of IHCP was 2.81%. Majority of cases 75 out 137 (54.74%) were nulligravida. Total 29.92% (41/137) cases were underwent LSCS delivery and of this 21.17% (29/137) were primary caesarean delivery. There were three still birth noted in IHCP study population. Total 28 cases (20.44%) of IHCP were presented with preterm labour. And NICU admissions of the study population were 32 new born babies (23.36%). 2.18% case of still birth was noted among study population.Conclusions: IHCP causes significant maternal and neonatal morbidity and is major contributor of preterm delivery, caesarean delivery, meconium stained liquor and NICU admission.

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Background: World Health Organization has defined postpartum anemia (PPA) as hemoglobin (Hb) of < 10 gm% during the postpartum period. The objective of the present study was to compare the safety and efficacy of ferric carboxymaltose (FCM) in the treatment of post-partum anaemia (PPA).Methods: A total of 214 patients were identified in a zonal hospital of Armed Forces Medical Services, between Jan 2019 and August 2019 who found to have PPA. Patients having hemoglobin (Hb) <10 g/dl were assigned to receive Intravenous FCM, as per the calculated dose. Changes in hemoglobin (Hb) and serum ferritin levels at 2 and 6 weeks after treatment were recorded and analyzed. Adverse effects to FCM administration were also recorded.Results: Significant rises in Hb and serum ferritin levels were observed. The mean increase in Hb after 2 weeks was 3.1±0.50 g/dl and 4.0±70 g/dl at 6 weeks. The mean increase in serum ferritin levels after 2 weeks was 210.40±38.50 and 270.25±14.60 ng/ml after 6 weeks. Adverse drug reactions were significantly less (p<0.001).Conclusions: Ferric carboxymaltose increases Hb level and restores iron stores faster without any severe adverse drug reactions. Patient tolerance was good after FCM injection.

Introduction :The corona virus disease 2019 [COVID-19] has rapidly spread worldwide and is now a global pandemic. It is matter of concern whether the COVID-19 affects the pregnancy and its outcome.In this study,investigation was done to determine the possibility of effects of COVID-19 on pregnancy and its outcome. Materials and Methods : A total of 1014 pregnant women were included in the study, from 1st April to 30 Nov 2020 at a zonal military hospital.There were 148 women who tested COVID-19 RT-PCR [reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction] positive and remaining 866 were COVID-19 negative.Findings of antenatal complications and perinatal outcome were compared in both the groups. Results :The incidence of COVID-19 positive pregnant women was found to be 14.59 %.No increase in rate of antenatal complications was seen in COVID-19 positive patients.Cesarean delivery rate was more in the COVID-19 positive group (52%) as compared to COVID-19 negative group (38%),(p > 0.05). Low APGAR score (0-3) was observed in 1 (0.67%) neonate of COVID-19 positive mothers and in 9 (1.03%) neonates of COVID-19 negative mothers.Overall 148 neonates were tested for the possibility of vertical transmission, 145 neonates were negative in RT-PCR, while 3 were positive.Conclusion : There is no significant effect of COVID-19 infection on maternal and foetal outcome in pregnancy and possibility of vertical transmission of the COVID-19 infection can not be ruled out.