Amodiaquine (AQ) is a 4-aminoquinoline antimalarial with schizonticidal action against different strains of Plasmodia. This study assessed the effect of the drug on some macromolecules of the brain of albino Wistar rats. Twenty-four adult Wistar rats weighing between 150-180 g were divided into four groups of six animals each. Group 1 served as the control and received distilled water, while groups 2, 3 and 4, the experimental groups, were treated with 17.50 mg/kg, 8.75 mg/kg and 8.75 mg/kg of AQ, respectively. The treatment lasted three days for groups 2 and 3, and six days for group 4. The brains of the animals were removed, weighed and preserved in sucrose tris-KCl-MgCl (STKM) buffer for some macromolecule analysis. The total proteins (TP) and triacylglycerol (TAG) showed no significant (p>0.05) differences between the experimental groups compared to the control, and there was no significant (p>0.05) difference within the experimental groups. In the cholesterol (CH) estimation, the control had significantly (p<0.01, p<0.001) higher concentration than groups 3 and 4 respectively, but not group 2. CH concentration in group 2 was, however, significantly (p<0.05, p<0.01) higher than that in groups 3 and 4 respectively. These results reveal that AQ caused insignificant change to brain TP and TAG, but significantly altered the CH in the brain of Wistar rats.

Summary: Histological and histometric changes in the testes of albino Wistar rats were correlated. Wistar rats weighing between 180-240g were randomly divided into three groups of ten rats each. One group served as control and the rats were given normal saline. The second and third groups received 2mg/kg and 4mg/kg body weights of chloroquine phosphate daily for thirty days respectively. Seminiferous tubules of animals treated with chloroquine phosphate were irregular in shape and were also isolated compared to control. Marked disruption of the inter-tubular stroma of testes in the treated groups was also observed. Histometric variations in testicular tissue was observed in the experimental animals following treatment with chloroquine phosphate. The 2mg/kg body weight and 4mg/kg body weight animals recorded significantly lower (P< 0.05) relative germinal epithelial volume of 43.95% and 32.70% respectively when compared to the control (51.75%). The volume of stroma in the third group (49.33%) was significantly higher (P<0.05) when compared to the control (16.83%) and 2mg/kg body weight rats (22.83%). We observed negative correlation coefficient between lumen and seminiferous tubular volume in the control group compared to the other groups which showed a positive correlation. Correlation between germinal epithelium and seminiferous tubular volume were positive in all groups. These findings have thrown more light on recognized histological changes by accurately grading these changes which offers objectivity and increased precision compared with direct visual appraisal.

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Summary:The effect of administration of Amodiaquine (AQ) on some parameters of neurobehaviour of Wistar rats was carried out. Twenty adult Wistar rats weighing between 160-190g were divided equally into four groups. Group 1 served as the control, while groups 2, 3 and 4 were the experimental groups. The control group received distilled water. Groups 2 and 3 were treated with 8.75mg/kg and 17.50mg/kg respectively of AQ for three days, while group 4 was treated with 8.75mg/kg of AQ for six days. Neurobehaviour test using the open field was carried out twelve hours after the last administrations. There were no significant differences between the control and the experimental groups in total locomotor activity (TLA), central square duration (CSD), stretch-attend (SA) and defecation. In the central square frequency (CSF), group 3 was significantly (P<0.05) higher than all the groups, while the control was the same as group 4, but higher than group 2, with the difference not being significant. In conclusion, AQ increased TLA and exploration, while simultaneously reducing anxiety in Wistar rats and these were dose dependent.

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