Although intralesional meglumine antimoniate (MA) infiltration is considered an option for cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) therapy and is widely used in the Old World, there have been few studies supporting this therapeutic approach in the Americas. This study aims to describe outcomes and adverse events associated with intralesional therapy for CL. This retrospective study reviewed the experience of a Brazilian leishmaniasis reference centre using intralesional MA to treat 31 patients over five years (2008 and 2013). The median age was 63 years (22-86) and the median duration time of the lesions up to treatment was 16 weeks. In 22 patients (71%), intralesional therapy was indicated due to the presence of contraindications or previous serious adverse events with systemic MA. Other indications were failure of systemic therapy or ease of administration. Intralesional treatment consisted of one-six infiltrations (median three) for a period of up to 12 weeks. The initial (three months) and definitive (six months) cure rates were 70.9% and 67.7%, respectively. Most patients reported mild discomfort during infiltration and no serious adverse events were observed. In conclusion, these results show that the intralesional MA efficacy rate was very similar to that of systemic MA treatment, and reinforce the need for further studies with adequate design to establish the efficacy and safety of this therapeutic approach.

RESUMO INTRODUÇÃO Estudos recentes demonstram que a inteligência emocional (IE) pode melhorar a educação médica e a prática profissional. Não existem instrumentos de avaliação da IE validados para o português (Brasil). OBJETIVO Realizar tradução e adaptação transcultural do Schutte Self Report Emotional Intelligence Test (SSEIT) do inglês para o português. MATERIAIS E MÉTODOS A tradução e adaptação transcultural foi realizada em seis etapas: tradução, síntese, tradução reversa, revisão por comitê, pré-teste e confecção da versão final. As traduções do inglês para o português foram realizadas por um psicólogo e um professor de inglês brasileiros e fluentes em inglês. A retrotradução foi realizada por duas pessoas nativas de língua inglesa que não conheciam o questionário original. O Comitê de Revisão foi formado pelos autores do estudo. A versão final foi submetida ao teste de Cronbach alfa (Ca) para avaliação da consistência e confiabilidade interna. Foram considerados aceitáveis valores ≥ 0,70. O pré-teste foi realizado em estudantes de Medicina e médicos residentes, que, além de responderem ao questionário, reescreveram as perguntas em suas próprias palavras. RESULTADOS A versão traduzida do SSEIT para o português apresentou 100% de equivalência semântica e idiomática. A comparação das versões retrotraduzidas com o questionário original em inglês apresentou discrepâncias semânticas discretas em quatro questões, que tiveram seus textos ajustados. A versão pré-teste foi aplicada em 41 voluntários, após assinatura do Termo de Consentimento Livre e Esclarecido. Sete questionários foram eliminados por preenchimento incompleto. A análise da transcrição mostrou pequenas discrepâncias nas mesmas questões da retrotradução, que foram novamente ajustadas. O OCa foi de 0,786 para o questionário completo e variou de 0,763 a 0,798 entre as questões. CONCLUSÃO O SSEIT foi traduzido e adaptado para o português com sucesso e apresentou consistência e validade internas aceitáveis de acordo com o teste de Cronbach alfa.

Introduction: Emotional intelligence (EI) and empathy are two essential skills for person-centered Medicine. Objectives: To evaluate the association between EI and empathy and to assess whether sociodemographic factors and year at the medical school influence the level of EI and empathy. Methods: Cross-sectional study carried out in medical students from a private educational institution in the city of São João del-Rei, Minas Gerais, Brazil. EI levels were assessed using the Schutte Self-report Emotional Intelligence Test and empathy levels were assessed using the Jefferson Scale of Empathy (student version). All volunteers signed the Informed Consent Form before inclusion in the study. The statistical analysis used mean values, standard deviation, frequency distribution, Student’s t test, Pearson’s correlation, and linear regression. A significance level of 0.05 was considered. Results: From August 5 to 30, 2019, 193 volunteers, corresponding to 85.8% of the total population, agreed to participate in the study. The total EI (129.8 ± 13.3) and empathy (121.2 ± 11.6) observed scores were high. EI scores were influenced only by age (padjusted = 0.018). Students attending more advanced semesters had higher total empathy scores (padjusted = 0.013). Students whose parents did not have a higher education degree also had a higher total empathy score (padjusted = 0.031). A moderate positive correlation was observed between the total EI and empathy scores ( ρ =0.304, p<0.001) and between the total empathy score and the EI domain Managing Others’ Emotions ( ρ =0.300, p<0.001). A weak positive correlation was also observed between the total EI score and most of the empathy domains. Conclusion: A positive correlation between emotional intelligence and empathy was observed. The age influenced EI and the year of medical school and parental schooling influenced empathy.

Resumo: Introdução: O Enade é prova cognitiva que avalia o desempenho dos cursos de graduação por meio dos egressos. O Revalida é exame específico para egressos de cursos de Medicina do exterior. Apesar de possuírem atribuições diferentes, as duas avalições são direcionadas a públicos semelhantes, podendo ser consideradas análogas. Objetivo: Este estudo teve como objetivos identificar e comparar os conteúdos avaliados pelo Enade e Revalida. Métodos: Trata-se de estudo descritivo que comparou o conteúdo do Enade 2013 e 2016 e do Revalida 2015 e 2016, com base na Matriz de Correspondência Curricular do Revalida (MCCR). Na primeira etapa do estudo, dois médicos, professores de Medicina, analisaram de forma independente os itens das quatro avaliações e listaram os conteúdos abordados nos enunciados e nas alternativas. Posteriormente, consolidaram-se os resultados. A análise foi realizada por meio da distribuição de frequência de temas e áreas de concentração de acordo com o exame, da comparação entre as áreas de concentração e dos temas coincidentes em cada exame. Resultados: Das 46 áreas de concentração da MCCR, dez não foram abordadas no Enade 2013, seis no ENADE 2016 e duas no Revalida 2015. O Revalida 2016 abordou todas as áreas. Em relação aos 749 temas específicos da MCCR, as duas edições do Enade, em conjunto, abordaram 241 (32,2%) deles, enquanto as duas edições do Revalida abordaram 468 temas (62,5%). Na análise dos 241 temas abordados pelo Enade, 45 deles foram comuns às duas edições, enquanto, de um total de 468 temas, 247 foram abordados nas duas edições do Revalida. Quando se analisou a repetição de temas em cada edição dos exames, observou-se que cerca de 80,0% dos temas foram considerados apenas uma vez nas duas edições do Enade, em comparação com 50,0% nas edições do Revalida. Conclusão: Os resultados indicam que as edições 2013 e 2016 do Enade apresentam baixa abrangência de conteúdos em comparação com as edições 2015 e 2016 do Revalida, tendo como referência a MCCR. Identificaram-se também concentração da abordagem em grupos específicos de temas e repetição de um pequeno grupo de temas nas edições analisadas do Enade.

Resumo: Introdução: A empatia envolve a capacidade de identificar e perceber os sentimentos e as experiências pessoais do paciente, assim como a capacidade de ver o mundo da perspectiva de outra pessoa. Em pediatria, existe o desafio de buscar o bom relacionamento com o paciente pediátrico e seus acompanhantes, os quais são peças fundamentais no atendimento e no resultado do tratamento. O objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar o nível de empatia dos estudantes de Medicina em relação ao paciente pediátrico. Método: Trata-se de estudo transversal, com amostra de conveniência, realizado com estudantes do quarto e sexto anos do curso de Medicina da Universidade José do Rosário Vellano, Campus Alfenas. Os níveis de empatia foram avaliados por meio da Escala de Empatia de Jefferson. Questionário sociodemográfico coletou dados sobre as possíveis variáveis independentes, como sexo, idade, estado civil, doença crônica pessoal ou familiar, distúrbio mental, especialidade pretendida, entre outros. Utilizaram-se o teste de t de Student, o teste exato de Fischer bicaudal e a regressão linear. O nível de significância foi de 0,05. Resultados: No período de fevereiro a abril de 2019, dos 196 estudantes elegíveis para o estudo, 159 concordaram em participar. Desses, 10 (6,2%) foram excluídos por preenchimento incompleto do questionário. A amostra final foi de 149 (76,0%) estudantes, sendo 74 (49,7%) do quarto ano e 75 (50,3%) do sexto ano do curso de Medicina. Não houve diferença entre o escore global de empatia entre o quarto e o sexto ano. O escore global de empatia foi maior no sexo feminino (pajustado = 0,011), assim como o escore do domínio “cuidado compassivo” (pajustado = 0,013). Os voluntários com relato de doença crônica familiar e os que tinham dificuldade de realizar exame físico pediátrico apresentaram escore significativamente mais elevado no domínio “cuidado compassivo” (pajustado = 0,038 e pajustado = 0,037, respectivamente). Conclusões: Os níveis de empatia (escore global e diferentes domínios) observados neste estudo foram elevados, com exceção do domínio “capacidade de se colocar no lugar do outro”. Não se observou relação entre escore global de empatia e seus diferentes domínios e o ano do curso médico.

Introduction: Medical training is a long and expensive process. Admission processes are highly competitive all over the world but being accepted is no guarantee of academic success. Medical school is demanding and stressful, and some students are not able to cope with this new scenario successfully. It is estimated that 10-15% of medical students experience difficulties in adapting to the course, which can lead to academic failure. The identification of predictive factors of failure supports the creation of mechanisms and strategies to avoid course dropout or graduation delay. To identify predictive factors of academic failure in a Brazilian medical program. Methods: A retrospective observational study was carried out with all medical students admitted to a private Brazilian medical school in 2010 and 2011. The main outcome was academic success. Academic failure was defined as graduation delay or course dropout (Group 1), and academic success was defined as graduating within 6 years (Group 2). Sociodemographic and academic data were collected, including grades obtained at the admission process and the first-semester courses. Freshman students and students with passing grades in the first semester (passed students) were analyzed separately. Descriptive and comparative analyses, logistic regression and ROC curve analysis were performed. The level of significance was 0.05. Results: A total of 312 students were admitted during the study period, but 10 were excluded due to lack of information. Of the 302 students included in the study, 105 were included in Group 1 and 197 were included in Group 2. Thirty-two students failed the first semester. The 270 students with passing grades in the first semester were divided into Group 1 (n=73) and Group 2 (n=197). Among the freshman students, lower admission grades were associated with a higher chance of failure (padjusted=0.012). Of the 270 students with passing grades, low academic performance (courses’ mean grades) was associated with graduation delay (padjusted<0.001). Conclusions: Low grades at the admission process (freshman students) and low academic performance in the first semester (students with passing grades) were predictive factors of academic failure.

Abstract: Introduction: Recent studies have shown the direct effects of emotional intelligence (EI) on medical practice and, more specifically, on establishing and maintaining a good doctor-patient relationship. The aim was to compare the EI levels of students from different years of medical school and to evaluate other factors that affect EI levels. Method: This was a cross-sectional study of medical students attending the 1st, 3rd and 6th years in a private institution in Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil. A non-probabilistic convenience sample was used. EI levels were evaluated using the Schutte Self-Report EI Test, and demographic and personal data were collected. All volunteers signed the free and informed consent form prior to study inclusion. Statistical analysis used ANOVA, Student’s t-test, Pearson correlation and linear regression. A significance level of 0.05 was adopted. Results: Two hundred twenty-five volunteers were recruited between October/2017 and April/2018. Sixteen (7.1%) were excluded due to incomplete questionnaires. The final sample comprised 209 participants (71 from the 1st year, 69 from the 3rd year and 69 from the 6th year). Most were women (66.0%), 95.2% were single, 10.0% had previously graduated and 16.3% reported a previous mental disorder diagnosis. The mean age was 23.2 (±3.9) years. There was no difference in the EI overall score and in the different EI domains scores among the students from the three years. Pearson’s test showed a weak positive correlation between age and total score (r=0.172; p=0.013) and perception of emotion (r=0.236; p=0.001). Multiple regression showed a significant positive association between age and the total score (p=0.040), Perception of Emotion (padjusted=0.013) and Managing Others’ Emotions (padjusted=0.020). A significant reduction in the total score (padjusted=0.033), in Managing Own Emotions (padjusted<0.001) and in the Managing Others’ Emotions (padjusted=0.025) was found for volunteers who reported a previous mental disorder. Conclusion: High levels of EI were observed in the 3 years. No association was observed between different EI scores and the course year. There was a positive correlation between age and total EI score, Perception of Emotions, Managing Own Emotions and Managing Others’ Emotions. The presence of a mental disorder was associated with a reduction in the total score and the scores for Managing Own Emotions and Managing Others’ Emotions.

Introduction: Emotional intelligence (EI) and empathy are two essential skills for person-centered Medicine. Objectives: To evaluate the association between EI and empathy and to assess whether sociodemographic factors and year at the medical school influence the level of EI and empathy. Methods: Cross-sectional study carried out in medical students from a private educational institution in the city of São João del-Rei, Minas Gerais, Brazil. EI levels were assessed using the Schutte Self-report Emotional Intelligence Test and empathy levels were assessed using the Jefferson Scale of Empathy (student version). All volunteers signed the Informed Consent Form before inclusion in the study. The statistical analysis used mean values, standard deviation, frequency distribution, Student’s t test, Pearson’s correlation, and linear regression. A significance level of 0.05 was considered. Results: From August 5 to 30, 2019, 193 volunteers, corresponding to 85.8% of the total population, agreed to participate in the study. The total EI (129.8 ± 13.3) and empathy (121.2 ± 11.6) observed scores were high. EI scores were influenced only by age (padjusted = 0.018). Students attending more advanced semesters had higher total empathy scores (padjusted = 0.013). Students whose parents did not have a higher education degree also had a higher total empathy score (padjusted = 0.031). A moderate positive correlation was observed between the total EI and empathy scores ( ρ =0.304, p<0.001) and between the total empathy score and the EI domain Managing Others’ Emotions ( ρ =0.300, p<0.001). A weak positive correlation was also observed between the total EI score and most of the empathy domains. Conclusion: A positive correlation between emotional intelligence and empathy was observed. The age influenced EI and the year of medical school and parental schooling influenced empathy.