The knowledge of the forest biomass reduction produced by a wildfire can assist in the estimation of greenhouse gases to the atmosphere. This study focuses on the estimation of biomass losses and CO 2 emissions by combustion of Aleppo pine forest in a wildfire occurred in the municipality of Luna (Spain). The availability of low point density airborne laser scanning (ALS) data allowed the estimation of pre-fire aboveground forest biomass. A comparison of nine regression models was performed in order to relate the biomass, estimated in 46 field plots, to several independent variables extracted from the ALS data. The multivariate linear regression selected model, including the percentage of first returns above 2 m and 40th percentile of the return heights, was validated using a leave-one-out cross-validation technique (6.1 ton/ha root mean square error). Biomass losses were estimated in a three-phase approach: (i) wildfire severity was obtained using the difference normalized burn ratio ΔNBR ð Þ, (ii) Aleppo pine forest was delimited using the National Forest Map and ALS data and (iii) burning efficiency factors were applied considering severity levels. Post-fire biomass was then transformed into CO 2 emissions (426,754.8 ton). This study evidences the usefulness of low-density ALS data to accurately estimate pre-fire biomass, in order to assess CO 2 emissions in a Mediterranean Aleppo pine forest. ARTICLE HISTORY

The COVID-19 crisis has changed daily habits and the time that people spend at home. It is expected that this change may have environmental implications because of buildings’ heating energy demand. This paper studies the energy and environmental implications, from a Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) approach, due to these new daily habits in residential buildings at their current level of thermal insulation, and in different scenarios of thermal retrofit of their envelope. This study has a building-to-building approach by using Geographical Information Systems (GIS) for the residential housing stock in the case of Barcelona, Spain. The results show that a change in daily habits derived from the pandemic can increase the heating energy consumption and carbon dioxide emission in residential buildings by 182%. Retrofitting all buildings of Barcelona, according to conventional energy renovation instead of nearly Zero Energy Buildings (nZEB), will produce between 2.25 × 107 and 2.57 × 107 tons of carbon dioxide. Retrofitting the building stock using energy recovery is the option with better energy and emission savings, but also is the option with higher payback time for buildings built until 2007. The methodology presented can be applied in any city with sufficient cadastral data, and is considered optimal in the European context, as it goes for calculating the heating energy consumption.

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El curso medio-bajo del río Cinca ha sufrido importantes cambios en los últimos 90 años, tanto en la geomorfología de su cauce como en la vegetación que ocupa su Territorio Fluvial. En este estudio se han analizado los cambios observados entre las fotografías aéreas de nueve fechas distintas, desde 1927 a 2018, mediante fotointerpretación. Paralelamente, se ha analizado la hidrología, la extracción de gravas, la introducción de defensas y las roturaciones –entendidas como la puesta en cultivo por primera vez de tierras eriales o montes descuajados– como factores de influencia sobre el sistema fluvial. Los resultados obtenidos evidencian una gran reducción de la superficie ocupada por el canal activo en beneficio de la vegetación riparia y de otras cubiertas antropizadas. El cauce se ha simplificado, viéndose reducida su superficie activa y pasando de tener un patrón trenzado a otro divagante. Asimismo, la movilidad reciente es muy reducida y la lámina de agua ocupa la mayor parte del canal activo. En resumen, la reducción de la dinámica del amplio cauce de gravas del Cinca supone una notable pérdida de patrimonio natural en el marco hidrogeomorfológico de la Península Ibérica.

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El presente artículo, parte de una tesis doctoral en curso, ofrece la caracterización de los colores del revestimiento de uno de los edificios más significativos del Aragón del siglo XV: la iglesia de Santa Tecla de Cervera de la Cañada (Zaragoza), obra de Mahoma Rami (1426). El censado de colores se ha llevado a cabo a partir de la información proporcionada por las memorias de restauración, una fuente habitualmente no tenida en cuenta por los historiadores del arte, y de su puesta en relación con la documentación y literatura medieval. Este procedimiento se entiende como una labor fundamental para una aproximación ulterior a un estudio en profundidad del revestimiento.