This research analyzes the connection between highly skilled migration and several determining factors such as migration networks, the prestige of academic institutions and the Gross Domestic Product per capita. The linear regression method has been used to analyze a sample of 207 countries, 25 receiving countries and 182 sending countries from 6 different regions (Africa, Asia, Europe, North America, Central and South America and Oceania). A global analysis including all the countries of the sample and a partial analysis by each world region of origin has been performed. The results at global level showed that migration networks and the prestige of academic institution explain the number of highly skilled immigrants very well. In this sense, prestigious academic institutions of receiving countries imply economic incentives and benefits for skilled migrants. Further, relationships and linkages become an important help for highly skilled migrants. Thus, both would act like external and internal networks attracting highly skilled migrants. Regarding the partial analysis, these factors were also relevant for explaining highly skilled migration, but the results varied depending on each region. In case of Africa and Central & South America, the relevant factor explaining the highly-skilled migration was the prestige of academic institutions of the receiving countries. However, in the regions of Europe, North America, and Oceania results were similar to the global analysis. In Asia all factors were significant.

Purpose -The aim of this paper is to highlight the importance of different technological aspects of organizations for Spanish firms' performance through organizational learning and corporate entrepreneurship (where organizational innovation is essential).Design/methodology/approach -The relationships studied are confirmed empirically using a structural equation model to demonstrate the hypotheses. The sample was selected from the database Dun & Bradstreet Españ a for 2003, obtaining 201 Spanish firms. CEOs were the main informants.Findings -The results show that the support adopted by top managers will directly influence the organizational learning process, technological distinctive competencies and corporate entrepreneurship. Technological distinctive competencies are also supported by organizational slack resources, technological skills and a technological infrastructure. Finally, corporate entrepreneurship influences organizational performance.Research limitations/implications -The paper is exploratory in character, and its goal is to show whether interrelations exist between the variables. The main limitations are: the sectors chosen refer only to Spain; the analysis performed is cross-sectional; and a single method and self-reports are used.Practical implications -The paper shows that to obtain perfect adaptation of the firm to its environment, it is crucial that managers develop corporate entrepreneurship, especially innovation, to improve high-technology sector firms' performance.Originality/value -The paper seeks to stimulate new lines of research regarding technological distinctive competencies, organizational learning and corporate entrepreneurship and to relate them to other constructs, observing their repercussions for the firm.

The importance of technology has been growing along decades mainly in the period of time where information is essential so that firms may globalize. In that way, this research indicates that combination of adoption of new technologies with introduction of low cost transport leads to bookings higher than might otherwise be the case. This study further examines this relationship in the case of the Spanish accommodation industry with reference to indicators of organizational performance. There is used a sample of 327 respondents who answered the questionnaire sent to hotels in tourist destinations in Spain. Using a structural equation modeling, the findings show mainly that organizational learning best enables hotels to gain from the advent of low cost airlines and the use of information and communication technologies in the company, mainly through the Internet. Finally, conclusions are of vital importance in tourism management because they can contribute to several tourism´ practical implications for managers in hotels, and for better design and development of the future research on tourism.

The international mobility of highly skilled employees in the last few decades has become an essential part of an economy. Simultaneously innovation and its' components have a large effect on the migration of skilled people. The goal of this paper is finding out if a greater degree of innovation in a country has a positive impact on the arrival of highly skilled immigrants. In order to achieve the aforementioned goal and following existing literature on the subject, an analysis on an international level was made regarding the effect of relevant innovation factors (number of patents; research and development funding (as % of GDP) and number of articles in scientific and technical journals) on immigration of highly skilled employees. The results of a regression analysis confirmed a significant relation between the number of patents, articles in scientific and technical journals and number of highly skilled immigrants (HQI). This means that countries with a relatively larger amount of the innovation factors have a great incentive that attracts talented people on an international scale, although in order to achieve this there is the need to promote and maintain a favourable institutional, economic and technological environment.

This paper analyzes the bidirectional relationship between several mobility factors such as migration, remittances and foreign trade. The issue that certain mobility factors might be substitutes was first raised by economists Heckscher and Ohlin and was later picked up several times by other authors in the literature. We assumed that such a debate should be revived and addressed again, especially having in mind growing importance of mobility factors in contemporary economies. Using modern and sophisticated econometric technique such as Granger-causality analysis we studied the case of Spain taking yearly data from 1975 till 2013. The autoregression vector model was used as well as Granger-causality test was employed to provide evidence that such a reciprocal type of relationships between the economic factors subject of our study in reality exist. The results of Granger-causality test have led us to the conclusion that export causes migration and also migration causes export. Results also showed that net migration and international trade are treated as substitutes. Further, we found that not only migration causes higher remittances, which is consistent with an intuitive feel, but also past remittances draw further migration. In terms of the Heckscher-Ohlin model, the enormous growth of migration flows in the contemporary time is explained partly because progressive reduction of costs has increased remittances and has also encouraged the international trade.