So, we made physical therapy in groups of three or more patients each, in 70 stroke patients all of them with middle cerebral artery infarct -50 walked and 20 did not walk in the beginning of treatment. The physical therapy in group was applied for three months. They all started treatment in acute phase of stroke.The results obtained after the physical therapy in group were analysed through both: 1 .The following measure tools: the Barthel Index, the Rivermead Mobility Index, the Canadian Neurological Scale, the Orgogozo Unifed Form for Neurological Stroke Scales, Motricity Index. 2.The notes about: the relative's participation in the rehabilitation program; both the patient's and the relative's understanding of the disease; the adherence to the clinical treatment and physical therapy; the patient's expectation of a good quality of life and the patient's interaction with both his family and society.The results suggest that this kind of treatment may be good for public health services. This therapy was not sufficient for those who did not walk, perhaps because of the short time of therapy. This mean that they were not adapted to the daily living activity after the threrapy. However, to most of the walking patients, the physical therapy in group was enough.

No abstract

Objectives: To measure olfactory bulbs and sulci using dedicated magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) sequences and specific measurement tools in Kallmann syndrome (KS) patients with a well-established genotype and phenotype, as well as correlate MRI findings with a clinical smell test. Methods: MRI was performed in 21 patients with KS and 16 healthy volunteers; olfactory dysfunction was assessed using the Smell Identification Test (UPSIT), a qualitative suprathreshold olfaction test. Coronal turbo spin echo T2-weighted and volumetric T1-weighted gradient echo sequences were acquired in a 1.5T system. ImageJ software was used to obtain olfactory bulb volumes and olfactory sulcus depths and lengths. Data were analyzed with SPSS 15.0 and the Kappa index was used to evaluate the agreement between the UPSIT and MRI. Results: The UPSIT showed 14 patients with anosmia and 6 with moderate hyposmia. Eighteen patients (85%) presented altered rhinencephalon structures in the MRI. Sixteen patients (76%) presented olfactory bulb aplasia (14/16 bilaterally), and these patients presented a total of 16 aplastic sulci. There was moderate agreement between the MRI quantitative evaluation and the UPSIT (overall Kappa = 0.55), but when considering the presence of aplastic bulbs and anosmia, we found almost perfect agreement (Kappa = 0.87). Three patients had normal rhinencephalon structures, including one with a KAL1 gene mutation. Conclusion: Olfactory bulb and sulcus aplasia were the most common findings in KS patients. We objectively demonstrated agreement between MRI findings and the smell test, especially the presence of bulb aplasia and anosmia. Therefore, our findings help ascertain MRI accuracy in the diagnosis of KS, differentiating patients with hypogonadotropic hypogonadism with an apparently normal or difficult to evaluate sense of smell.

Este artigo pode ser copiado, distribuído, exibido, transmitido ou adaptado desde que citados, de forma clara e explícita, o nome da revista, a edição, o ano, e as páginas nas quais o artigo foi publicado originalmente, mas sem sugerir que a RAM endosse a reutilização do artigo. Esse termo de licenciamento deve ser explicitado para os casos de reutilização ou distribuição para terceiros. Não é permitido o uso para fins comerciais.

No abstract

No abstract

No abstract

RESUMO:A agricultura familiar representa um segmento de grande importância econômica e social para o meio rural brasileiro. Devido a essa importância, observa-se um crescente interesse do governo por esse segmento, que se materializa em forma de políticas públicas. Dessa forma, em 2011, o Ministério do Desenvolvimento Agrário (MDA) criou o Programa Rede Brasil Rural, uma ferramenta virtual que visa facilitar o contato entre as cooperativas e associações de produtores rurais e os fornecedores de insumos, a logística de transporte e os consumidores públicos e privados. O principal objetivo da rede é auxiliar na comercialização, seja dos insumos necessários à produção, seja dos produtos procedentes da agricultura familiar através de uma plataforma eletrônica. O propósito do Programa Rede Brasil Rural é inserir novos conceitos e ampliar o limite geográfico de comercialização para o segmento através do comércio eletrônico. O objetivo desse estudo é descrever os mecanismos de funcionamento da Rede Brasil Rural, as medidas adotadas pelo governo para implantação do programa, os principais parceiros, as contribuições que a rede proporcionará à agricultura familiar, além dos desafios a serem superados.