Věžník A., Král M., Svobodová H., 2013. Agriculture of the Czech Republic in the 21st century: From productivism to post-productivism. Quaestiones Geographicae 32(4), Bogucki Wydawnictwo Naukowe, Poznań, pp. 7-14, 8 figs. DOI 10.2478/quageo-2013-0029, ISSN 0137-477X.abstract: During last two decades Czech agriculture has gone through significant changes: the transition of agriculture in the 1990s and the entrance of the Czech Republic into the EU and its commitment to the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP). Both of these changes contributed to the structural and regional differentiation of Czech agriculture and exposed it to competition with the whole of Europe. Furthermore, CAP exposed Czech agriculture to uneven conditions for farmers within the EU. The most significant results of these changes have been a decrease in the agricultural sector output, a reduction in farm animals bred, and shrinkage of arable land. On the other hand, many non-productive and non-agricultural activities in the rural areas are subsidised, which offers farmers new possibilities of development. The aim of this paper is to analyse the structural and spatial change in Czech agriculture between 2000 and 2010 on the basis of Agrocenzus data supplemented by opinions of farmers gained in a series of interviews.

After 1989, czech economy was transformed into free market economy and this brought many changes into agricultural sector. one of the changes was the decline of the volume of agricultural production which caused that many of objects used in agriculture lost their function and were not needed any more. here begins the origin of agricultural brownfields. There was no interest in this problem for a long period; a bigger attention paid to brownfields started in the context of the czech republic entrance into the EU and with the possibility to draw finances for the brownfields' regeneration from the structural funds of the EU. This article deals with the problematic of agricultural brownfields in the Vysocina region since there were located 44 brownfields of this type and it is important to know about this and to set up a strategy to solve this problem. Key words: agricultural brownfield, Vysocina region, barriers of development, revitalisationAbstrakt: Po roce 1989 prošla česká ekonomika transformací na tržní ekonomiku, což přineslo do zemědělského sektoru mnoho změn. Jednou z těchto změn byl pokles objemu zemědělské produkce, jež způsobilo, že mnoho objektů užívaných v zemědělství ztratilo svoji funkci a nadále nebyly využívány. zde začíná problematika zemědělských/venkovských brownfields. Po dlouhou dobu se o tento problém nikdo nezajímal; větší pozornost se brownfields začala věnovat až po vstupu České republiky do EU s možností čerpat finance na regeneraci brownfields ze strukturálních fondů EU. Tento příspěvek se zabývá problematikou zemědělských/venkovských brownfields v kraji Vysočina, jelikož zde bylo lokalizováno 44 brownfieldů zmíněného typu a je jistě důležité o této problematice vědět a stanovit strategii k jejímu řešení.Klíčová slova: zemědělský brownfield, kraj Vysočina, bariéry rozvoje, revitalizace

Transformation of Czech agriculture led to significant changes, which were mirrored in the crystallisation of rather large territorial differences. Clear regional disproportions are a fundamental problem for the state as a whole, therefore, it is important to provide aid for the regions that lag behind in economic development by introducing sensible regional policies. This situation is still more complicated in agriculture, as this transformation to free market economy results in the unequal regional development in relation to natural environment, regional traditions and the level of rural settlement in addition to the phenomena such as price liberalisation and the flow of goods, capital and population, among other. At the moment, the principal aims of regional agricultural policies are the preservation of regional productivity, the settlement of problematic and endangered regions and the support of a balanced regional development. The primary goal of this article is to indicate some of the largest regional differentiations in the agriculture of the Czech Republic. The purpose is to give an increased consideration to the restructuring of agricultural production, the environment and the social and general economic milieu in which it is located.Key words: Czech agriculture, transformation, regional differences, agriculture policy, development of the employment in agriculture, changes in cattle number Abstrakt: Transformace èeského zemìdìlství vedla k významným zmìnám, které se odrazily v krystalizaci znaènì velkých teritoriálních diferenciací. Regionální disproporce pøedstavují základní problém pro stát jako celek, a proto je dùleité poskytnout pomoc regionùm, které zaostávají v ekonomickém vývoji, pøedevím aplikací správné regionální politiky. Tato situace je jetì komplikovanìjí v zemìdìlství, jeliko transformace na trní ekonomiku vyúsuje v nerovnomìrný regionál-ní rozvoj v závislosti na pøírodním prostøedí, regionálním tradicím a na úrovní venkovského osídlení, stejnì jako na úrovni liberalizaci cen, pohybu zboí, kapitálu a osob. Hlavními cíli souèasné regionální zemìdìlské politiky jsou zachování produktivity regionù, osídlení problematických a ohroených regionù a podpora vyváeného regionálního rozvoje. Hlavním cílem tohoto pøíspìvku je analýza vybraných nejrozsáhlejích a èásteènì negativních diferenciací zemìdìlství Èeské republiky. Úèelem èlánku je nastínit úvahy nad restrukturalizací zemìdìlské produkce, jejího vlivu na ivotní prostøedí a sociální a ekonomické diference v kterých je to umístìno.Klíèová slova: èeské zemìdìlství, transformace, regionální diference, zemìdìlská politika, vývoj zamìstnanosti v zemìdìlství, zmìny poètu skotu

Czech Republic entered into the EU in 2004 and had to adopt conditions of the Common Agricultural Policy of the EU. Impacts of the Common Agricultural Policy on Czech agriculture are numerous-both positive and negative. Positive impacts are evident mainly in growth of financial sources for farmers (however, not still as high as in old member countries) but this is connected also with more requirements on administrative. The most striking impact of the Common Agricultural Policy is fall of the livestock production. The aim of the paper is confirmation of these and also other theses on base of results of questionnaire survey among agricultural subjects in model region. Above mentioned situation sets farmers into complicated situationthey have to find new alternative way of farming and development for their survival.

From a global perspective, the growing of grapevines in the Czech

The V4 countries went through a transformation of their entire economies, including the agricultural sector, in the 1990s. Each of these countries approached the transformation of agriculture differently, but later the V4 countries’ approach to agricultural development was unified by the EU's common agricultural policy. The aim of the paper was to compare the development of the production (sown area and hectare yield) of selected most commonly cultivated crops in Slovak and Czech regions (NUTS 3) in the period between 2004 and 2017. The development of production in these two countries was also evaluated against the trends of V4 countries. Based on these analyses, common and specific agriculture development trends in V4 countries were revealed. A chronological average was used to evaluate the average values of the monitored indicators in the period from 2004 to 2017 in Slovak and Czech regions. To express the development of the given indicators between 2004 and 2017, the change index was used and visualised cartographically. Regression analysis was used to show the development trends of agricultural production in the V4 countries. In general, the agricultural sectors in the V4 countries show similar characteristics with similar trends, and the average hectare yield has a modest growing trend. In terms of the structure of the cultivated plants, the size of the cultivated areas, the volume of production and the average hectare yields, there have been considerable changes to crop farming in Slovak and Czech regions. The study showed that the changes in the agrarian sector after the year 2004 conditioned by the entry of Czechia and Slovakia into the European Union were reflected in a decrease in crop production and an increase in regional disparities. From the point of view of the production indicator expressing the hectare yield of crops, Czechia achieves better indicator values than does Slovakia.

The contribution deals with the impact of the Common Agricultural Policy of the European Union on agriculture of the Czech and Slovak Republic, focusing on livestock production. The analysis is focused on ten years' development of livestock production after the entry of the Czech and Slovak Republic into the EU. Both countries are evaluated in the mutual comparison of selected indicators such as gross agricultural production, stock of animals, intensity of production or agricultural employment. Part of the contribution is the demonstration of the regional differentiation and trends in livestock production taking place in the Czech and Slovak Republic. In conclusion, we examine the consequences of decline in livestock production in the Czech and Slovak Republic reected in the foreign trade between these countries, and it is closely connected with state sovereignty in livestock products.

In 2014 the European Union is entering into the new programming period. Therefore it is time to evaluate the evolution of agriculture and other activities in the period [2007][2008][2009][2010][2011][2012][2013] již přineslo změnu v tom smyslu, že SZP již nebyla nadále součástí strukturálních fondů, ale naprosto samostatnou politikou s vlastním rozpočtem. To však nemělo vliv na stav zemědělství, na rozdíl od nerovně nastavených dotačních systémů pro staré a nové členské státy EU. Tento fakt a rovněž tvrdá konkurence způsobila v českém zemědělství značnou "optimalizaci" a "restrukturalizaci".Rok 2014 představuje vstup do nového programového období. Ještě v polovině roku však nejsou všechna pravidla "nové" SZP definitivně vyjasněna a schválena. Proto je možné považovat rok 2014 za přechodný.Cílem příspěvku je poodhalit díky výsledkům dotazníkového šetření mezi zemědělci onu optimalizaci a restrukturalizaci zemědělství na příkladu modelového území, které představuje okres Prostějov. Příspěvek se zabývá rovněž hodnocením výhledů na nové programové období. Takováto hodnocení zatím nemohla být běžná. Přesto již v roce 2012 hodnotili dopady SZP na zemědělství pomocí modelování Foltýn a Zedníčková (2012).Podobná hodnocení se v ČR objevují již od konce 90. let minulého století a na počátku 21. století, kdy již bylo známo, že ČR přistoupí do EU (Janda, 1998). Dopady přistoupení středo-a východoevropských států do EU hodnotili i zahraniční autoři (Banse, Munch, Tangermann, 2000). Tito autoři si všímali nejen 162