No abstract

BackgroundOsteogenesis imperfecta (OI), commonly called “brittle bone disease”, is a genetic disorder characterised by increased bone fragility and decreased bone density due to quantitative and/or qualitative abnormalities of type I collagen. Different types of OI exist, from mild to severe; they may lead to death, multiple bone fractures, skeletal deformity and short stature.MethodsSevere cases are usually diagnosed before birth and may incite the parents to choose therapeutic abortion, whereas milder cases are much more difficult to diagnose and may be sometimes confused with non-accidental injury (NAI) (“child abuse”) in young children. Whatever the degree of severity, conventional radiography still remains the mainstay in diagnosing OI.ResultsThe prognosis of this disorder has changed in the last few years thanks to biphosphonate therapy.ConclusionThe aim of this pictorial review is to illustrate the radiographic manifestations of OI, including in children receiving biphosphonates, and to outline specific patterns that help differentiate OI from NAI when necessary.Key Points• The main radiographic features of OI are osteopenia, bone fractures and bone deformities.• Some radiographic features depend on the type of OI or may be encountered with biphosphonates.

The retinacula of the ankle are distinct structures defined as regions of localized thickening of the crural fascia covering the deep structures of the distal portion of the leg, ankle, and foot. Their role is to maintain the approximation of the tendons to the underlying bone. The retinacula of the ankle and foot contain the extensor retinaculum, the peroneal retinaculum, and the flexor retinaculum. Knowledge of the normal anatomy and imaging appearance of these structures is essential for the depiction of their injuries. Even though they may provide an explanation for chronic and unexplained residual pain after an injury, they are frequently overlooked or misdiagnosed.

Pisotriquetral joint disorders are often under-recognized in routine clinical practice. They nevertheless represent a significant cause of ulnar side wrist pain. The aim of this article is to present the main disorders of this joint and discuss the different imaging modalities that can be useful for its assessment.