Background:
Varicose veins are a subset of Chronic Venous disorders, including spider, reticular, varicose, and leg oedema. In our country, varicose veins are common surgical problems most commonly seen in low socio-economic groups and associated with certain occupation(s). Varicose veins have been known to affect the quality of life (QoL) leading to changes in occupation. Surgical treatment methods such as Saphenofemoral Junction (SFJ) Ligation and Great Saphenous Vein (GSV) stripping with spinal or general anaesthesia, Radio Frequency Ablation (RFA), Endovascular Laser Ablation (EVLA) and GLUE Technique within the operating room are considered in patients who remain refractory to conservative management and continue being symptomatic.
Aim & Objectives:
The study aimed to compare the outcome and associated post-operative complications, including Deep Venous Thrombosis, Pulmonary Embolism or Paresthesia, and Ecchymosis, with various modalities in the management of varicose veins.
Material and Methods:
The study was performed at a tertiary care centre which included 200 patients over a period of one year and was evaluated in the basis of VCSS & VDS scores.
Results:
We observed that all treatment protocols demonstrated results which improved the general physical condition of patients with the least number of complications. Treatment for varicose veins encompasses open surgeries and Endovenous techniques (EVLA and RFA), which show comparative results in clinical improvement, complications and postoperative hospital stay. Both VCSS and VDS are sensitive tools for measuring clinical outcomes of treatments of venous disease. However, the choice of appropriate tool is dependent upon the type of treatment, the Surgeon ‘s personal experience, availability of resources, durations of hospital admission and cost of treatment.
Septoplasty in children is controversials due to concerns over an adverse effect on nasal and facial growth. Recent evidence has confirmed that septoplasty can be safely performed without affecting nasofacial development in properly selected pediatric patient. The purpose of this article is to establish the impact of pediatric septoplasty on nasal and facial growth and review the clinical indications and evidence for timing of surgery according to the most recent literature. A structured review of the PubMed, Ovid Medline and Cochrane Collaboration databases (Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Cochrane Database of Systemic Reviews) was undertaken, using the terms: pediatric, childhood, septoplasty, nasal septum, indications, nasal growth and facial growth. A further similar study concluded that external septoplasty does not affect most aspects of nasal and facial growth, but may negatively influence growth of the nasal dorsum. Furthermore, one study demonstrated that a group of children with symptomatic uncorrected deviated nasal septum had a statistically significant increased occurrence of facial and dental anomalies compared with age and sex matched controls, therefore supporting a role for septoplasty. Conclusions: Evidence exists to support that pediatric septoplasty can be performed without affecting most aspects of nasal and facial growth.
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