However, the shuttle effect triggered by the dissolution of long-chain polysulfides (Li 2 S x , 4 ≤ x ≤ 8) results in severe active sulfur loss and fast capacity decay, which severely hinders the commercial application of these batteries. [4,6] Fundamentally, these problems are a result of the slow and complex sulfur reduction reaction (SRR), i.e., the sluggish kinetic transformation of soluble lithium polysulfides (LiPSs) to insoluble Li 2 S 2 /Li 2 S (discharge products). [7,8] Therefore, exploring effective strategies to accelerate the conversion of LiPSs from the liquid to the solid state is essential to boost the practical energy density and lifespan of lithium-sulfur batteries. [9,10] Considerable efforts have been devoted to addressing the aforementioned problems, typically by using sulfides, nitrides, phosphides as host materials to trap the LiPSs in the sulfur cathode. [11][12][13][14] However, these physical or electrostatic confinement/trapping methods fail to entirely avoid the dissolution and accumulation of LiPSs in the electrolyte. [8] A catalytic approach has therefore been proposed as a more proactive solution to cure the shuttle effect by accelerating the conversion of the liquid-phase long-chain LiPSs into final solid-phase discharge products. [15,16] Like the oxygen Seeking an electrochemical catalyst to accelerate the liquid-to-solid conversion of soluble lithium polysulfides to insoluble products is crucial to inhibit the shuttle effect in lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries and thus increase their practical energy density. Mn-based mullite (SmMn 2 O 5 ) is used as a model catalyst for the sulfur redox reaction to show how the design rules involving lattice matching and 3d-orbital selection improve catalyst performance. Theoretical simulation shows that the positions of Mn and O active sites on the (001) surface are a good match with those of Li and S atoms in polysulfides, resulting in their tight anchoring to each other. Fundamentally, dz 2 and dx 2 −y 2 around the Fermi level are found to be crucial for strongly coupling with the p-orbitals of the polysulfides and thus decreasing the redox overpotential. Following the theoretical calculation, SmMn 2 O 5 catalyst is synthesized and used as an interlayer in a Li-S battery. The resulted battery has a high cycling stability over 1500 cycles at 0.5 C and more promisingly a high areal capacity of 7.5 mAh cm −2 is achieved with a sulfur loading of ≈5.6 mg cm −2 under the condition of a low electrolyte/sulfur (E/S) value ≈4.6 µL mg −1 .

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Dual-doped graphitic carbon CoOP@bio-C with hierarchical microporous structures was prepared from a sustainable waste biomass, peanut shell, with CO2 gas as the activating agent through a thermal-reduction method. The resulting material displays an overall superior electrocatalytic activity for the ORR to commercial Pt/C.

SummaryLong non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are increasingly recognized as important regulators in tumor development. This study aims to investigate the potential role oflncRNALEF1-AS1, in the progression of lung cancer. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and western blot assays showed that LEF1-AS1 was upregulated while miR-544a was downregulated in lung cancer specimens and cells. Overexpression of LEF1-AS1 led to the enhancement of cell proliferation and invasion, revealed by CCK-8 assay and transwell assay. A negative correlation was found between LEF1-AS1 and miR-544a. BLAST analysis and dual-luciferase assay confirmed that FOXP1 is a downstream effector of miR-544a. Therefore, the LEF1-AS1/miR-544a/FOXP1 axis is an important contributor to lung cancer progression. Collectively, our novel data uncovers a new mechanism that governs tumor progression in lung cancer and provides new targets that may be used for disease monitoring and therapeutic intervention of lung cancer.

Developing fast‐charging Zn–air batteries is crucial for widening their application but remains challenging owing to the limitation of sluggish oxygen evolution reaction (OER) kinetics and insufficient active sites of electrocatalysts. To solve this issue, a reconstructed amorphous FeCoNiSx electrocatalyst with high density of efficient active sites, yielding low OER overpotentials of 202, 255, and 323 mV at 10, 100, and 500 mA cm−2, respectively, is developed for fast‐charging Zn–air batteries with low charging voltages at 100–400 mA cm−2. Furthermore, the fabricated 3241.8 mAh (20 mA cm−2, 25 °C) quasi‐solid Zn–air battery shows long lifetime of 500 h at −10 and 25 °C as well as 150 h at 40 °C under charging 100 mA cm−2. The detailed characterizations combine with density functional theory calculations indicate that the defect‐rich crystalline/amorphous ternary metal (oxy)hydroxide forms by the reconstruction of amorphous multi‐metallic sulfide, where the electron coupling effect among multi‐active sites and migration of intermediate O* from Ni site to the Fe site breaks the scaling relationship to lead to a low theoretical OER overpotential of 170 mV, accounting for the outstanding fast‐charging property. This work not only provides insights into designing advanced OER catalysts by the self‐reconstruction of the pre‐catalyst but also pioneers a pathway for practical fast‐charging Zn–air batteries.