Microbial colonization, followed by succession, on newly exposed volcanic substrates represents the beginning of the development of an early ecosystem. During early succession, colonization by mosses or plants significantly alters the pioneer microbial community composition through the photosynthetic carbon input. To provide further insights into this process, we investigated the three-year-old volcanic deposits of Mount Merapi, Indonesia. Samples were collected from unvegetated (BRD) and moss-covered (BRUD) sites. Forest site soil (FRS) near the volcanic deposit-covered area was also collected for reference. An analysis of BRD and BRUD revealed high culturable cell densities (1.7–8.5×105 CFU g−1) despite their low total C (<0.01%). FRS possessed high CFU (3×106 g−1); however, its relative value per unit of total C (2.6%) was lower than that of the deposit samples. Based on the tag pyrosequencing of 16S rRNA genes, the BRD bacterial community was characterized by a higher number of betaproteobacterial families (or genus), represented by chemolithotrophic Methylophilaceae, Leptothrix, and Sulfuricellaceae. In contrast, BRUD was predominated by different betaproteobacterial families, such as Oxalobacteraceae, Comamonadaceae, and Rhodocyclaceae. Some bacterial (Oxalobacteraceae) sequences were phylogenetically related to those of known moss-associated bacteria. Within the FRS community, Proteobacteria was the most abundant phylum, followed by Acidobacteria, whereas Burkholderiaceae was the most dominant bacterial family within FRS. These results suggest that an inter-family succession of Betaproteobacteria occurred in response to colonization by mosses, followed by plants.
Chromium (VI) in the production process, such as textile, tannery, and electroplating industry, produce hazardous waste when disposed of directly into the aquatic environment. Several chromium pollutions cases, not only in water but also in the aquatic organism, occurred in some regions in Indonesia. Various methods can reduce the Chromium (VI) waste. One of them is the biological method by employing such kinds of bacteria. Arthrobacter chlorophenolicus is a pioneer bacterium of Mt. Merapi, which can survive in the minimum conditions of the bacterial primary nutrients, carbon, and nitrogen. This study aims to investigate the ability of A. chlorophenolicus to remove Cr (VI) at various concentrations. The research was carried out by growing the A. chlorophenolicus into two nutrient media conditions, minimal and rich-nutrient media containing different concentrations of Cr (VI) (5, 10, 20 ppm) for eight days. The results showed that the A. chlorophenolicus were grown on both minimal and rich-nutrient media. The A. chlorophenolicus could reduce for about 80% of 10 and 20 ppm chromium in eight days. Our results indicate that A. chlorophenolicus, the pioneer bacteria of Mt. Merapi, has a grand promise for use in Cr (VI) remediation even under minimum nutrients conditions.
Whether climate change is real or not, the daily basis phenomena and its evidences should be our concern nowadays. Yogyakarta is one of the provinces that are vulnerable to the impact of climate change in Indonesia. The specific responses to climate change phenomena in Yogyakarta province are indirectly correlated to landscape characteristics. These characteristics are important aspects for the assessment and development of new approaches to address the impacts of climate change. Therefore, this paper presents the status of landscape vulnerability to climate change in Yogyakarta province to consider the issues of mitigation and adaptation to climate change. Analytical hierarchy process (AHP) was applied to determine the objective of the research. The results of previous studies were reviewed in depth and combined with field observations to build a strong argument before evaluating the matrices and weights in the AHP steps. The result analysis showed that the most vulnerable landscape in Yogyakarta province is the anthropogenic landscape, which is located in Yogyakarta city. Furthermore, the combination of population density and poor sanitation management should be considered as a factor in mitigating and adapting to climate change in Yogyakarta city.
Background: This study focuses on identifying non-technical aspects that influence the sustainability of communal wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) in a peri-urban area of Indonesia. Methods: A questionnaire survey was conducted by random sampling using a method of descriptive analysis that combines qualitative and quantitative approaches. Economic support for communal WWTPs was measured by the community’s Willingness to Pay (WTP) and Ability to Pay (ATP). Results: The results indicate that social dimension, such as a community’s level of participation are critically important in sustaining communal WWTPs. In addition, institutional dimension influences the degree of satisfaction a community has toward the WWTP management. This support is reinforced by social capital in the form of a philosophy of mutual cooperation, like gotong royong (cooperation by members of a community to achieve a common goal) and swadaya (self-reliance). Conclusions: The findings of this study can be used in Indonesia to make policy recommendations for managing and ensuring sustainability of communal WWTPs on a non-technical dimension. Additionally, gotong royong deserves to be promoted internationally as a fundamental value for fostering participation and contribution.
The exploration for a new cost-effective carbon source with shorter fermentation process for high yield BC production is still needed. In this study, bacterial cellulose (BC) was synthesized by Acetobacter xylinum using overripe guava juice as a carbon source. The results showed that A. xylinum was able to grow on the overripe guava juice with different concentration and produced BC after two days incubation. In the later on, the BC is called as nata de guava. The overripe guava juice which containing reducing sugar content 23 g /L (substrate 100%) at pH 4 produced the thickest BC (1.267 cm). This study showed due to the high reducing sugar and protein contents in the overripe guava, without the addition of carbon and nitrogen from external sources, BC could be formed. Considering the huge disposal overripe guava fruit waste in Java, the present study provides an alternative methodology to synthesize BC. Besides, most importantly, this study provides a new insight to manage organic waste specifically from overripe guava fruit rather than the waste being thrown away and becoming organic waste generation. Keywords: bacterial cellulose, Acetobacter xylinum, overripe guava, organic waste
The Special Region of Yogyakarta is one of the provinces in Indonesia with a large number of communal wastewater treatment plants (CWWTPs). However, less than 40% of CWWTPS in the province are able to be operated well. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of CWWTPs concerning the quality of the surrounding groundwater. The research location was in Mlati, one of three sub-districts with the highest number of CWWTPs and highest population density in the province. Technical data were analyzed in a laboratory, including water quality of CWWTPs and groundwater quality. This study also analyzed non-technical data related to CWWTP management. These data were collected through in-depth interviews with CWWTP managers and users. The data were analyzed systematically, not only quantitatively but qualitatively. The distribution of water quality from CWWTP treatment and groundwater was mapped using inverse distance weighting (IDW). The results show that the CWWTP effluent meets quality standards for pH, temperature, COD, oil and grease, and ammonia. However, some CWWTPs fail to meet the quality standards for the TSS and E. coli parameters. Groundwater has an acidic pH, with ammonia, nitrite, and zinc parameters meeting quality standards, but oil and grease, COD, nitrate, and Pb concentrations exceed quality standards in several wells. This study indicates that the presence of CWWTPs is not correlated with the quality of groundwater due to the inefficiency of the CWWTPs, the unmet coverage area, and the conditions of sanitation facilities at the location.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.