− The objective of this work was to evaluate the potential of an artificial mixture of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), produced by Saccharomyces cerevisiae, to control Sclerotinia sclerotiorum in vitro and in bean seeds. The phytopathogenic fungus was exposed, in polystyrene plates, to an artificial atmosphere containing a mixture of six VOCs formed by alcohols (ethanol, 3-methyl-1-butanol, 2-methyl-1-butanol and phenylethyl alcohol) and esters (ethyl acetate and ethyl octanoate), in the proportions found in the atmosphere naturally produced by yeast. Bean seeds artificially contamined with the pathogen were fumigated with the mixture of VOCs in sealed glass flasks for four and seven days. In the in vitro assays, the compounds 2-methyl-1-butanol and 3-methyl-1-butanol were the most active against S. sclerotiorum, completely inhibiting its mycelial growth at 0.8 µL mL , followed by the ethyl acetate, at 1.2 µL mL -1 . Bean seeds fumigated with the VOCs at 3.5 µL mL -1 showed a 75% reduction in S. sclerotiorum incidence after four days of fumigation. The VOCs produced by S. cerevisiae have potential to control the pathogen in stored seeds.
The objective of this study was to verify the health and physiological potential of soybean seeds submitted to different storage conditions. Three batches of soybean seeds were first evaluated for their health and physiological quality with sanitary, germination, seedling emergence in a greenhouse and accelerated aging tests; moisture content was also determined. The seeds were stored for six months under cold chamber (temperature of 10°C and 85% RH), dry chamber (temperature of 20°C and 50% RH) and laboratory (uncontrolled) conditions. Seed samples were taken every three months and submitted to the tests mentioned previously. The harmful effect of fungi on seed quality before storage was observed. Generally, there was a reduction in fungal occurrence with storage, principally for the conditions of the cold chamber and the uncontrolled laboratory environment, resulting in the increased of germination and seedling emergence.
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