Potential of antimicrobial volatile organic compounds to control Sclerotinia sclerotiorum in bean seeds

Abstract

− The objective of this work was to evaluate the potential of an artificial mixture of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), produced by Saccharomyces cerevisiae, to control Sclerotinia sclerotiorum in vitro and in bean seeds. The phytopathogenic fungus was exposed, in polystyrene plates, to an artificial atmosphere containing a mixture of six VOCs formed by alcohols (ethanol, 3-methyl-1-butanol, 2-methyl-1-butanol and phenylethyl alcohol) and esters (ethyl acetate and ethyl octanoate), in the proportions found in the atmosphere naturally produced by yeast. Bean seeds artificially contamined with the pathogen were fumigated with the mixture of VOCs in sealed glass flasks for four and seven days. In the in vitro assays, the compounds 2-methyl-1-butanol and 3-methyl-1-butanol were the most active against S. sclerotiorum, completely inhibiting its mycelial growth at 0.8 µL mL , followed by the ethyl acetate, at 1.2 µL mL -1 . Bean seeds fumigated with the VOCs at 3.5 µL mL -1 showed a 75% reduction in S. sclerotiorum incidence after four days of fumigation. The VOCs produced by S. cerevisiae have potential to control the pathogen in stored seeds.

Bio-suppression of Sclerotinia Stem Rot of Tomato and Biostimulation of Plant Growth Using Tomato-associated Rhizobacteria

“…Also, volatile compounds of 7 cucumber-associated B. amyloliquefaciens isolates are shown able to prevent by more than 30% the mycelial growth of the fungus [30]. This result is in agreement with previous findings [52] where 76.59% decrease in S. sclerotiorum growth is obtained using volatile organic compounds. B. subtilis is able to produce volatile elements exhibiting antifungal activity toward R. solani and B. cinerea [53,54].…”

Antagonism of Bacillus subtilis Against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum on Lactuca sativa

“…The use of volatile substances can be used more efficient, especially, in growing areas protected or small properties, but still in a lettuce commercial-scale production. Fialho et al (2011) obtained 76.59% of reduction in the S. sclerotiorum mycelial growth when working with volatile organic compounds, which supports our result. Figure 1.…”

Antimicrobial activity of endophytic fungi from olive tree leaves

“…For instances, 3-methyl-1-butanol was reported to have a high antimicrobial effect, and at low concentrations was shown to inhibit nearly 100% the growth of phytopathogens under in vitro conditions (Fialho et al 2011). Phenylethyl alcohol is another organic compound identified in the present study and described to be a bacteriostatic agent that, at low concentrations, can inhibit the growth of Gram-negative bacteria, including Salmonella, Shigella, Aerobacter, Klebsiella, Escherichia, Pseudomonas and Proteus (Naz et al 2013).…”