Tanaman Iler merupakan salah satu tanaman obat yang terdapat di Indonesia. Iler memiliki berbagai macam khasiat karena mengandung senyawa antioksidan. Iler termasuk kedalam keluarga Lamiaceae, dimana dibagi menjadi dua yaitu sun lover dan toleran terhadap naungan. Sehingga untuk mengetahui respon pertumbuhan dan hasil dibutuhkan rekayasa naungan berupa paranet. Perbedaan kerapatan naungan dapat mempengaruhi pertumbuhan, serta pada intensitas tertentu dapat menimbulkan cekaman dan mempengaruhi mempengaruhi pembentukan metabolit sekunder. Pupuk urea mengandung unsur nitrogen yang penting bagi tanaman sebagai penyusun asam amino, protein dan komponen lainnya. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mempelajari pengaruh naungan dan pupuk urea pada pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman iler. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Kecamatan Glenmore Kabupaten Banyuwangi pada bulan Februari -Mei 2020. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan petak terbagi. Petak utama adalah kerapatan naungan terdiri dari naungan 0% (N0), naungan 25% (N1), naungan 50% (N2). Anak petak adalah dosis pupuk urea yang terdiri dari 0 kg ha -1 (P0), 45 kg ha -1 (P1), 90 kg ha -1 (P2) dan 135 kg ha -1 (P3). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa semakin tinggi tingkat naungan maka akan menurunkan jumlah daun, luas daun, jumlah cabang dan waktu panen semakin lama, namun akan meningkatkan tinggi tanaman dan jumlah ruas batang tanaman. Dosis pupuk urea yang semakin tinggi dapat meningkatkan tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, luas daun, jumlah cabang, jumlah ruas batang dan berat kering tanaman. Pemberian naungan 25% dan dosis pupuk urea 135 kg ha -1 mampu meningkatkan berat kering tanaman iler yang dapat digunakan sebagai simplisia tanaman obat dan memberikan respon warna daun yang lebih gelap sebagai indikator kandungan antosiani tanaman.
Parameter genetik seperti keragaman genetik, heritabilitas dan kemajuan genetik diperlukan untuk merakit kultivar unggul. Untuk itu dialukan evaluasi keragaman genetik, heritabilitas dan kemajuan genetik populasi galur F3 kedelai dari 16 kombinasi persilangan dengan 6 tetua pada beberapa karakter kuantitatif diantaranya yaitu tinggi tanaman, jumlah cabang, jumlah polong isi, jumlah buku subur dan berat biji per tanaman. Penelitian untuk menyiapkan materi genetik dilakukan di Kebun Percobaan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Brawijaya, Jatikerto, Malang pada tahun 2013-2016. Percobaan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompk (RAK) dengan tiga ulangan. Populasi setiap galur F3 dan tetua pada setiap petak masing-masing 120 tanaman untuk setiap ulangan. Dari hasil keragaman genetik yang diamati, karakter tinggi tanaman, jumlah polong isi, jumlah buku subur dan berat biji per tanaman memiliki nilai keragaman genetik yang luas, sedangkan jumlah cabang memiliki keragaman genetik yang sempit. Nilai heritabilitas karakter pada kombinasi persilangan memiliki nilai sedang hingga tinggi yang berkisar antara 0,25-0,75. Pada karakter tinggi tanaman dari hasil persilangan galur (Anjasmoro x Tanggamus), (Anjasmoro x Grobogan), (Anjasmoro x UB2), (Argopuro x Grobogan), (Grobogan x Anjasmoro), (Grobogan x UB2), (UB2 x UB1), (UB1 x Argopuro) dan (UB1 x UB2) memiliki nilai heritabilitas sedang yaitu 0,46; 0,39; 0,37; 0,46; 0,46; 0,47; 0,46; 0,25; dan 0,47. Pada nilai kemajuan genetik dari 16 galur hasil persilangan, galur (UB2 x Tanggamus) memiliki nilai rata-rata kemajuan genetik paling tinggi yaitu 64,35%, sedangkan galur (UB1 x Argopuro) memiliki nilai rata-rata kemajuan genetik paling rendah yaitu 25,84%.ABSTRACT The F3 soybean progenies derived from 16 cross combinations with six parents were evaluated for their genetic variability, heritability and genetic advances of quantitative traits i.e. plant height, number of branches, number of pods, number of active nodes and seeds weight per plant. The genetic material preparation was conducted at Research Station of Agriculture Faculty, Brawijaya University, Jatikerto, Malang from 2013 to 2016. The experiment was arranged in a randomized block design with three replications. Plant population of each F3 progenies and their parents were 120 plants at each replication. Among the quantitative characters observed, the variability of plant height, number of active nodes, number of pods and seeds weight per plant was wide, and number of branches was narrow. Heritability value in each cross combination had moderate to high value estimates ranged from 0.25 to 0.75. The character of plant height from crossing lines of (Anjasmoro x Tanggamus), (Anjasmoro x Grobogan), (Anjasmoro x UB2), (Argopuro x Grobogan), (Grobogan x Anjasmoro), (Grobogan x UB2), (UB2 x UB1), (UB1 x Argopuro) and (UB1 x UB2) had moderate heritability, i.e. 0.46; 0.39; 0.37; 0.46; 0.46; 0.47; 0.46; 0.25; and 0.47, respectively. The genetic advance from 16 cross combinations, the line of (UB2 x Tanggamus) had the highest mean of genetic advance for 64.35%. The line of (UB1 x Argopuro) had the lowest mean of genetic advance for 25.84%.
Coleus scutellarioides is a leaf ornamental plant that is widely used as an ornamental plant in tourist attractions because it has an interesting leaf color. The purpose of study was to obtain right concentration of paclobutrazol for the brightness of the color of the leaves of the coleus plant in shaded conditions. The method used is a Split Plot Design with two factors, light intensity as the whole plot and paclobutrazol concentration as a split plot. The whole Plot consists of 3 levels, namely I100 (100% sunlight intensity), I75 (75% sunlight intensity) and I50 (50% sunlight intensity) while the split plot consisted of P0 (Without Paclobutrazol), P40 (Paclobutrazol 40 ppm), P80 (paclobutrazol 80 ppm) and P120 (paclobutrazol 120 ppm. The results showed there were interactions from the treatment of paclobutrazol concentrations at various light intensities. The application of paclobutrazol 0 ppm at a light intensity of 75% and 50% gave the same chlorophyll content results as the 100% light intensity treatment and 0 ppm paclobutrazol concentration.The conclusions in addition of paclobutrazol 40-80 ppm at a decrease in light intensity of 75% and 50% gives the result of anthocyanin content and leaf color equal to 100% intensity and paclobutrazol 0 ppm.keyword: Coleus, Shades, Color, Paclobutrazol, Konsentrastion
Abstract. Karyawati AS, Puspitaningrum ESV. 2021. Correlation and path analysis for agronomic traits contributing to yield in 30 genotypes of soybean. Biodiversitas 22: 1146-1151. To obtain more productive soybean genotypes, it is essential to know the contribution of each agronomic trait to the productivity of soybeans. The purpose of this study was to analyze the correlation and path analysis in thirty genotypes of soybeans (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) for eleven traits. The study was conducted in March-June 2019, in an experimental area located at Agro Techno Park, which belongs to Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, East Java Province, Indonesia. The experimental design was a randomized complete block design with three replications. Analysis of correlation showed that the number of branches, number of filled pods, number of seeds per plant, weight of 100 seeds, and weight of seeds per plant had a positive correlation value to the yield. Path analysis showed that the number of seeds per plant had a high positive, direct effect on the yield. The plant height, number of branches, fresh weight and dry weight had an indirect effect on the yield. Based on the result, the number of seeds per plant can be selected as one of the selection criteria in a soybean breeding program to obtain a high-yield soybean variety.
Ekstrak rimpang temulawak (Curcuma xanthorriza Roxb.) memiliki sifat alelopati yang berasal dari senyawa metabolit sekunder. Senyawa metabolit tersebut menghambat pertumbuhan tanaman sehingga dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai bioherbisida. Rumput teki ialah gulma yang sering tumbuh pada lahan budidaya tanaman kedelai, sehingga perlu dikendalikan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari potensi ekstrak rimpang temulawak pada rumput teki dan mendapatkan konsentrasi ekstrak rimpang temulawak yang dapat menekan pertumbuhan rumput teki tetapi tidak menghambat perkecambahan kedelai. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Maret hingga April 2015 yang terbagi dalam tiga tahap penelitian. Penelitian pertama dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Sumberdaya Lingkungan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap. Penelitian kedua dan ketiga bertempat di Rumah Kaca Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Brawijaya, masing - masing menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap dan Rancangan Acak Kelompok. Penelitian ini terdiri atas 6 perlakuan yaitu P0 (kontrol), P1 (konsentrasi 20%), P2 (konsentrasi 40%), P3 (konsentrasi 60%), P4 (konsentrasi 80%), P5 (konsentrasi 100%) dan 4 kali ulangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa konsentrasi 20% ekstrak rimpang temulawak mampu menekan pertumbuhan tunas rumput teki. Peningkatan konsentrasi ekstrak rimpang temulawak hingga 60% mengakibatkan pertumbuhan tanaman rumput teki tertekan. Pengaruh ekstrak rimpang temulawak pada penghambatan perkecambahan terlihat pada perlakuan konsentrasi 60%. Rhizome extract of temulawak (Curcuma xanthorriza Roxb.) has residue properties derived from secondary metabolites. The metabolites inhibit the growth of plants, and it can be used as bioherbicide. Cyperus rotundus is a common weed that grows in soybean cultivation and it needs to be controlled. This research aimed to study the potential of temulawak rhizome extract on Cyperus rotundus and get temulawak rhizome extract concentration that can suppress the growth of Cyperus rotundus without inhibiting the germination of soybeans. The experiment was conducted on March to April 2015 and divided into three experiments. The first experiment was conducted in the Laboratory of Environmental Resource using completely randomized design. The second experiment and third experiments placed in Greenhouse UB Faculty of Agriculture, each using completely randomized block design and randomized block design. This study consisted of six treatments that were P0 (control), P1 (20% concentration), P2 (40% concentration), P3 (60% concentration), P4 (80% concentration), P5 (100% concentration) and four replications. The results showed that 20% concentration of temulawak rhizome extract can suppress Cyperus rotundus. Increasing concentration of temulawak rhizome extract up to 60% suppress growth of Cyperus rotundus. Temulawak rhizome extract significantly inhibited germination of soybeans at concentration of 60%.
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