Streszczenie: Celem artykułu jest analiza wpływu innowacji popytowych i podażowych na zatrudnienie w przedsiębiorstwach w województwie podlaskim. W pierwszej części przedstawiono zagadnienia teoretyczne dotyczące innowacji wyróżnionych ze względu na źródło ich powstawania (proces tworzenia innowacji popytowych i podażowych), a także ich związku ze zmianami na rynku pracy. W części empirycznej zaprezentowano wyniki badań ankietowych przeprowadzonych na 200 przedsiębiorstwach województwa podlaskiego. Ankietowani przedsiębiorcy deklarowali liczbę nowo zatrudnianych pracowników w 2018 roku, a następnie dane te zestawiono z rodzajem wdrażanych przez te podmioty innowacji. Do zbadania związku pomiędzy tymi zmiennymi wykorzystano współczynnik kontyngencji. Ich analiza pozwala stwierdzić, iż w województwie podlaskim większy wpływ na zwiększanie liczby miejsc pracy ma wprowadzanie innowacji popytowych niż podażowych. Słowa kluczowe: działalność innowacyjna, innowacje popytowe, innowacje podażowe, województwo podlaskie, zatrudnienie.
Purpose-The purpose of the article is to analyse the conditions of enterprises and their capacity to absorb innovation, and more specifically the impact of the current level of innovation of entities operating in the Polish economy. Research method-The research was based on the analysis of individual innovation indicators of the Polish economy, with particular emphasis on the factors related to R&D (GUS data, European Innovation Scoreboard, Global Innovation Index, The Global Competitiveness Report). Results-Analyses indicate that the main barriers to the development and implementation of innovative solutions by enterprises result primarily from their internal conditions, as the ability to absorb innovations is related to the knowledge and skills already possessed by the enterprise. In the case of Polish enterprises, their level of innovation is still insufficient to be able to fully adapt new solutions from external sources. Originality /value / implications /recommendations-The value of the article is its approach according to which the innovativeness of entities is not only the result of innovation diffusion, but the capacity to absorb innovation is related to the pre-existing level of innovation.
This article addresses the issue of technology transfer in the context of institutional conditions of this process with particular focus on intermediary institutions, such as technology parks. The study presents the role of institutions in the effective process of technology transfer. The research conducted by the Polish Agency for Enterprise Development and the Association of Organizers of Innovation and Entrepreneurship Centres in Poland was used.
The aim of the article is an attempt to analyze the impact of the pandemic crisis (caused by the COVID-19 coronavirus) on innovations created by economic entities. The ongoing economic downturn has reasons different from previous economic peturbations, and has much more extensive effects across the entire global economy. Hence the need to analyze not individual economies as trends (megatrends) in the emergence of innovations initiated or significantly accelerated by the pandemic crisis. The analysis was made on the basis of reports from institutions such as the World Economic Forum, OECD or ESPAS, as well as preliminary studies conducted in some countries (eg the USA). It should be emphasized that due to the ongoing perturbations and the pandemic not ending, precise research results will be possible to obtain in later years.
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