The article presents the results of the study of the life-meaning orientations of the penitentiary system staff and how they are related to their biopsychological age. The sample consisted of 70 individuals - 42 men and 28 women. The average age of the staff was 31 and their average length of service was 7.6 years. The study used "The Purpose-in-Life orientations" test (Leontyev D.A), the "Spirituality" scale in the "Resilience of adults" method (Makhnach A.V.) and the psychobiological age research method by Abulkhanova K.A. and Berezina T.N.. For statistical treatment of data we used t-test for independent samples, correlation and multiple linear regression analysis. The results of the study indicate that men have higher indicators of biological and psychological age, accelerated rate of biological aging. The health status of employees improves as they become more spiritual, achieve life goals, increase productivity, and are satisfied with self-realization. The following factors serve as predictors of biological age and rapidity of ageing: gender, length of service, life goals, acceptance of life events and psychobiological maturity.
The present study provides an analysis of the concept of procrastination and its features, together with a discussion of the fundamental approaches to its investigation. It examines procrastination as a threat to the psychological security of the educational environment. The author presents the results of an empirical investigation of the characteristics of interpersonal relations in the educational environment, academic motivation, and general motivation of students with various degrees of procrastination. The subjects of the investigation were 95 students, of the average age of 18.2 years, in an institution of higher education dedicated to the humanities. The subjects were evaluated using the procrastination scale for student populations developed by C. Lay, the academic motivation scale of R.J. Vallerand, the self-evaluation survey of motivation of academic, intellectual, and professional activity developed by N.A. Bakshaeva and A.A. Verbitsky, and the “Survey of Interpersonal Relations in an Educational Environment” developed by G.S. Kozhukhar and V.V. Kovrov. The primary hypothesis of the study, that the interconnections of interpersonal relations in an educational environment with academic and general motivation would differ in the groups of students with different levels of procrastination, was confirmed. The differences in the evaluations of the quality of interpersonal relations, and indicators of academic and intellectual motivation of students with different levels of procrastination were of special particular significance. It was shown that, the higher the level of students’ procrastination, the greater the interaction between the negative aspects of interpersonal relations in the educational environment and the external academic motivation.
The challenges of modern civilization resulted in the premature biological and psychological aging of professionals of working age. This phenomenon raises both medical and psychological problems associated with personality factors that affect psychobiological maturity and the rate of aging. The influence of religiosity and spirituality on biopsychological age remains the least studied area of psychology. Progress in this area will help to identify the components of religiosity—predictors of the aging rate of professionals. The sample included 295 people (148 women) aged 24 to 54 years (average age 31.7 years) and consisted of Christians (67.12%), Muslims (5.76%), Buddhists, deists, Shintoists, etc., (7.79%) and atheists (17.29%). The average work experience was 9 years. Using correlation analysis and methods of multivariate linear regression and t-test for independent samples, we found that the religiosity of professionals increases with natural aging and deterioration of their physical condition and does not depend on gender. Religiosity to a greater extent affects psychological age, the indicator of the psychobiological maturity of a professional and, to a lesser extent, biological age. Most of the indicators of religiosity are inherent in a person who is more mature in psychobiological terms. The biological age of professionals increases due to asthenic experiences, while gaining faith in God, unusual religious experiences and the existential meaning of life can reduce it. An increase in the spirituality of professionals is associated with a slowdown in the rate of biological aging.
Currently, the research of personal resources of professional adaptation rescuers is socially significant, as extreme factors and activity conditions impose increased requirements for professionals, their professional and psychological training. The results of the empirical study of the features of adaptability, values and meanings of rescuers with different levels of professional socio-psychological adaptation are presented in the article. The survey involved 60 employees of the “Fire and rescue center”, all of them are men: the average age — 38.5 years; average experience — 11.7 years. The results showed that the professional adaptation success of rescuers is largely determined by the level of personal adaptive capacity, and its specific components — neuro-mental stability, communication skills, moral normativity. The material reward, spiritual satisfaction, achievements and social contacts were the most significant values for all specialists. However, the professional socio-psychological adaptation success increases if these values relate with the professional sphere of life. Existential values (acceptance of life and itself, ontological security, responsibility, death acceptance, the presence of crisis situation meaning and its concept) are the basis for both professional activities of rescuers and their adaptation to extreme conditions. At the same time, rescuers with a high level of professional socio-psychological adaptation have such characteristics as integration of life and death meanings in their crisis situation concept, acceptance of life changes, understanding of life as an opportunity to realize existential motives and meanings, ignoring death feelings and experiences.
Введение. Новизна работы состоит в выявлении особенностей профессионально важных качеств оперативного персонала тепловых электростанций с разным уровнем профессионализма, связанных с результативностью решения профессиональных задач в штатных и аварийных ситуациях. Методы. В исследовании участвовало 134 специалиста, из них 123 мужчины и 11 женщин (средний возраст – 37 лет). Уровень профессионализма деятельности определялся по экспертным оценкам профессиональных знаний, навыков, умений, результативности решения задач, а профессионализм личности – по уровню сформированности ряда профессионально важных качеств, необходимых для обеспечения эффективной деятельности. В исследовании использовались: методика определения нервно-психической устойчивости «Прогноз», опросник «УСК» Е. А. Голынкиной, Е. Ф. Бажина, Л. М. Эткинда, тест-опросник «Исследование волевой саморегуляции» Е. В. Эйдмана, А. Г. Зверькова, краткий ориентировочный тест «КОТ» В. Н. Бузина, Э. Ф. Вандерлика, шкала Спилбергера – Ханина, а также индикатор Киртона. Статистическая обработка данных осуществлялась на основе Т-критерия для независимых выборок, H-критерия Краскела – Уоллиса, анализа таблиц сопряженности и факторного анализа. Результаты и их обсуждение. По результатам экспертной оценки были выделены три группы специалистов с разным уровнем профессионализма: «допрофессионалы», «профессионалы» и «суперпрофессионалы». Суперпрофессионалы отличаются результативностью, высоким уровнем профессиональных знаний, умений и навыков, наличием хорошего и удовлетворительного уровня нервно-психической устойчивости, повышенных показателей ответственности в различных сферах жизнедеятельности, волевой саморегуляции, настойчивости, интеллектуальных способностей, инноваторского когнитивного стиля, низкого уровня личностной и ситуативной тревожности. Факторный анализ выявил подсистемы профессионально важных качеств в трех группах. В процессе развития профессионализма происходят качественные изменения ответственности, волевых качеств, когнитивного стиля. На высоком уровне профессионализма ответственность, волевые качества и инноваторский когнитивный стиль обеспечивают профессиональную и человеческую надежность специалиста, а также позволяют справиться с тревожностью в стрессовых ситуациях.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.