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Objective: The current study was conducted to explore the prevalence of gastrointestinal (GI) parasites in small ruminants (sheep and goats) in relation to species, age, sex, season, and body condition in Mymensingh, Bangladesh. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional coprological survey was carried out at Mymensingh Sadar in Mymensingh from July 2015 to June 2016. In total, 433 fecal samples were screened for eggs/oocysts/cysts of parasite and counted by using standard qualitative and quantitative techniques. Eggs/oocysts/cysts were identified according to their characteristic features. Results:The study found 74.8% (n=324/433) prevalence of GI parasites in small ruminants. Species-wise prevalence indicated that 77.0% (n=268/348) goats and 65.9% (n=56/85) sheep harbored parasitic infection. Nine species of GI parasites were identified in the study area namely Strongyloides sp., Haemonchus sp., Oesophagostomum sp., Trichostrongylus sp., Trichuris sp., Paraphistomum spp., Fasciola spp., Eimeria spp. and Balantidium spp. The level of egg/oocyst/cyst per gram of feces (EPG/OPG/CPG) was ranged between 100 and 1200. Young small ruminants (78.4%) showed significantly (P=0.026) higher prevalence as compared to adult (68.8%). Between sexes, significantly (P=0.000) higher prevalence was found in female (83.6%) than male (64.7%). Infection was significantly (P=0.000) highest in poor body conditioned small ruminants (82.1%) as compared to moderate (72.2%) and good body conditioned (53.8%) small ruminants. In case of season, highest prevalence was found in rainy season (83.6%) followed by summer (78.6%) and winter (59.4%) with significant seasonal variations (P=0.000). Conclusion: Finally, GI parasites are endemic among small ruminants in the study area. Knowledge on these parasites and related epidemiological parameters is important for outlining fruitful control strategies against GI parasites.

Objective: Gastrointestinal (GI) parasitic infection is a prime cause of failures in sheep production. This study was conducted to ascertain the prevalence of gastrointestinal (GIT) helminths of sheep in Sherpur district, Bangladesh. Besides, prevalence of helminthiasis in sheep also assessed considering age, sex, nutritional condition and rearing system. Materials and methods: In total, 106 rectal fecal samples of sheep were randomly collected and were examined for the presence of ova by using direct smear and Stoll's ova counting techniques during July to October, 2016. Eggs were identified on the basis of its size, morphology and other landmark features. Results: Out of 106 samples, 67.9% (n=72/106) revealed the presence of ova of different helminths. The prevalence of helminth infection was associated with Fasciola gigantica (11.3%; n=12/106), Paramphistomes (13.2%; n=14/106), Schistosoma indicum (3.8%; n=4/106), Moniezia sp. (3.8%; n=4/106), Strongyle-type (24.5%; n=26/106), hook worm (6.6%; n=7/106), Strongyloides sp. (12.3%; n=13/106) and Trichuris sp. (1.9%; n=2/106). Egg count per gram (EPG) was calculated which was ranged between 100 and 600. Parasitic counts in lambs, young and adult showed no significant variations (P=0.511) from one other. Infection was significantly (P=0.04) higher in poor body conditioned sheep (76.3 %) as contrasted to normal body conditioned sheep (57.4%). No significant variation (P=0.601) was noticed in infection rates between sexes. Females displayed a higher infection (70.0%) as compared to males (65.2%). In rearing system, the result was found statistically insignificant (P=0.247). Conclusion: Utterly, GI helminths are endemic at great levels among sheep in the study area. Also, their infestation differs within various age groups, sexes, nutritional condition and rearing system of sheep.

Gastrointestinal (GI) parasitism is anegregious problem in small ruminant production system due to is impact on growth and associated cost of control measures. An epidemiological study was conducted to investigate the prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites of small ruminants from different areas of Madhupur, Tangail. The stool samples were collected from a total of 426 goats and sheep from study areas. Specimens were subjected to Stoll's ova counting technique and the overall prevalence of gastrointestinal parasitic infection was found 63.4%. Overall prevalence of nematodes, cestodes, trematodes and protozoa was 52.11%, 2.11%, 36.62% and 10.33%, respectively. The prevalence of parasites were variable with Fasciola spp. (24%) and Balantidium spp. (6.34%). Parasitic ova counts in male and female exhibited no significant variations (p>0.05) between them. The infection was significantly higher (65.11%) in adult than in young (58.09%). No significant (p>0.05) variation was observed in infection rates between goats (64.09%) and sheep (60.67%). Seasonal variation was found significant between rainy (72.44%), winter (56.72%) and summer (61.82%) seasons. Animals with poor body conditions (74.67%) were mostly affected compared to those with moderate (62.38%) and good (39.00%) body conditions. Further attempt is necessary for a structured surveillance and monitoring of GI parasites to formulate effective control measures.

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Abstract:We examined faecal samples (110) and viscera (20)

To study the prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites of deer, 127 fecal samples were collected from Char Kukri Mukri upazilla of Bhola district of Bangladesh during the period from January to May, 2013. Eighty eight samples were found to be infected with gastrointestinal parasites and overall prevalence rate was 69.29%. Fasciola sp. (8.66%), Paramphistomum sp. (20.47%), stomach worm (18.11%), hook worm (20.47%), Strongyloides sp. (1.57%), Oesophagostomum sp. (1.57%), Eimeria sp. (6.30%) and Balantidium coli (1.57%) were found. The overall prevalence of nematode, trematode, protozoan and mixed infection were 29.13%, 25.19%, 5.51% and 9.45% respectively. Seasonal prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites in summer and winter were 70.59% and 66.67% respectively. The range of EPG/CPG/OPG varied from 100 to 300 among the parasites and highest count was found in Paramphistomum sp. (300), hook worm (300) and stomach worm (300). This study provided a first overview on parasites in deer in the vicinity of villages, but to evaluate parasite transmission dynamics much more studies were required on livestock and on wild herbivores.