Jajar River is geographically located between Demak and Grobogan Regency area. For most part, Jajar River which lies on lowland area is mainly utilized for agricultural purposes. The utilization of the land around the area of Jajar River might potentially cause several environmental problems such as river water contamination, causing degradation of river water quality. Generally, river has the capacity to purify itself by decomposing any pollutants blended in the water. This capacity is called self-purification. The aim of this study is to determine the level of self-purification capacity (time and distance of water purification) using Streeter-Phelps equation, by obtaining data about organic pollutant concentrations DO and BOD at a certain pollutant point in a river. By using Streeter-Phelps equation, it is expected to find oxygen reduction curve toward time and distance. Deoxygenation and reaeration constants are needed to draw the curve. Moreover, Streeter-Phelps equation can generate the oxygen reduction curve which shows self-purification distance. The results showed that there was no natural purification process in Jajar River. In other word, the water sample test in each segment showed the existence of waste input, which was indicated by unacceptable results of DO and BOD parameters. In this condition, the river ecosystem had not been able to purify the water from BOD input. It supposedly happened due to the inability of DO concentration to return to the ideal condition of anaerobic river from waste contamination in the extended segments.
Debit banjir rancangan merupakan salah satu parameter perencanaan bangunan air. Besaran debit banjir rancangan akan sangat berpengaruh pada dimensi serta tingkat stabilitas struktur bangunan. Rencana embung Coyo terletak di sungai Lampis, secara administrasi berada di antara desa Sidorejo dan desa Mlowokarangtalun kecamatan Pulokulon Kabupaten Grobogan. Untuk merencanakan dimensi bangunan pengelak digunakan Q25th, sementara untuk bangunan pelimpah digunakan Q100th. Tidak tersedianya data debit pengamatan pada lokasi kajian mengakibatkan analisis debit banjir dilakukan dengan model hujan-limpasan berdasarkan karakteristik DAS. Adanya fungsi tampungan maka diperlukan banjir rancangan dalam bentuk hidrograf. Beberapa metode analisis hidrograf yang sering digunakan di Indonesia di antaranya model Hidrograf satuan sintetik (HSS) Snyder dan HSS Nakayasu. Pemilihan besaran debit banjir dengan membandingkan hasil analisis dari berbagai metode tersebut dengan kapasitas penampang sungai (full bank capacity), dengan debit rencana kala ulang 2-5 tahun. Berdasarkan hujan rancangan dan karakteristik DAS Coyo dengan luas 69,56 km2 , metode analisis debit banjir yang paling sesuai adalah HSS Nakayasu. Besarnya debit banjir rancangan Q25th = 255.31m3/det, dan Q100th = 327.70 m3/det.
Discharge data is one of the important data in evaluating the reliability of water resources management in the watershed. Most watersheds in Indonesia do not have observed discharge data over a long period. While the availability of rainfall data is almost available in all watersheds with a much longer period. Therefore, it is necessary to convert rain into a runoff to obtain a discharge event with a long period. Rain-runoff transformation is a very complex process. Rain input contains the variability of space, time and uncertainty. A very complex hydrological analysis is needed to find out various parameters related to rain models for a runoff. One of the hydrological models that can be used is HEC-HMS 4.2. This paper aims to analyze the relationship of rainfall - runoff in the Garang watershed using HEC-HMS 4.2. For calibration, observational discharge data is used from AWLR Kreo. Based on optimization analysis, the hydrological parameter are obtained CN composite 66.4, groundwater content 128.48 mm, Initial Abstraction 25.7 mm and imperviousness 9.27%. The validity of the model is quite satisfactory, judging from the correlation values, RMSE and Nash.
Limbah Rumah Pemotongan Hewan (RPH) Kota Semarang yang didominasi oleh rumen sapijika tidak diolah dapat menyebabkan ketidaknyamanan pada manusia dan kerusakan lingkungan.Dampak negatif dari limbah adalah proses pembuangan dan pembersihannya memerlukan biayaserta efeknya dapat mencemari lingkungan. Hal ini mendorong adanya inovasi dan pengembanganteknologi pengolahan air limbah yang murah dan mudah operasional dan pemeliharaannya sertabiaya yang sedikit. Upaya meningkatkan keuntungan akan keberadaan limbah dilakukan caramengolah limbah menjadi produk yang bermanfaat dan bernilai jual. Keuntungan yang bisa diperolehdari proses pengolahan limbah tersebut menjadi biogas, bioenergi, dan pupuk. Pupuk yangmengandung magnesium yang tinggi yang beredar di pasaran biasanya berbentuk granul/ serbuk.Apabila tanaman mengalami kekurangan magnesium maka akan menyebabkan kuningnya daun danmenghambat proses fotosintesis yang terjadi di daun.Penambahan limbah garam pada penelitian ini diharapkan dapat meningkatkan kandunganunsur hara makro C,N,P,K, dan Mg, tidak mencemari lingkungan, tidak merusak struktur tanah, sertamudah dalam pengaplikasiannya. Variasi rasio serat kasar dengan cairan rumen bertujuan untukmengetahui kandungan paling optimum,antara lain: 100:0 ,75:25 , 50:50 , 25:75 , 0:100 (seratkasar:cairan rumen). Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa penambahan limbah garam tidakmempengaruhi terhadap kandungan unsur hara C-Organik dan Nitrogen, sedangkan pada kandunganFospor, Kalium, dan Magnesium memiliki pengaruh dari penambahan limbah garam. Kandunganunsur hara makro paling optimum yaitu C-Organik pada fermentor B1 sebesar 1,44%, Ntotal padafermentor B2 sebesar 0,73%, Fospor (P2O5) pada fermentor B3 sebesar 2,243%, Kalium padafermentor B3 sebesar 13,05, dan Mg pada fermentor B3 sebesar 26,82%. Meskipun demikian, pupukorganik cair ini belum memenuhi persyaratan teknis Permentan No.70/Permentan/SR.140/10/2011tentang pupuk organik, pupuk hayati dan pembenah tanah
Progo Watershed is an ecosystem consists with Progo Rriver as the main river. One of the problems in the Progo River is the formation of sediment deposits in the downstream. The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of land use on the erosion and sedimentation potential. Erosion prediction are based on Wischmeier and Smith’s research which presents the Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE). In this research, the erosion and sedimentation potential has different land uses; from 1990, 2000, and then 2011. Generally, there has been an increase in the average erosion rate at Progo watershed, from 165 tons/ha/year in 1999 to 184 tons/ha/in 2011,;or if classified based on the erosion hazard level, it continues to become heavier. Sub-watersheds that have experienced a significant increase in erosion rates are Blongkeng Sub-watershed, Gemurung Sub-watershed, and Progo Hulu Sub-watershed, where the status differed from medium to heavy category. Some locations that were silting due to sediment became prone to floods.
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