OBJECTIVE
To determine the predisposing factors for PI in patients hospitalized after stroke.
METHODS
This 7-day longitudinal study followed up with patients hospitalized after stroke. Assessments included mobility, nutrition, and the presence of dysphagia and anemia. The nutrition evaluation was based on anthropometric, biochemical, and dietary determinants. Pressure injury (PI) risk was assessed via the Braden Scale. Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis tests were applied.
RESULTS
Patients who were bedridden showed a greater risk of PI development upon admission (P = .004) and 7 days later (P < .001) compared with patients who could ambulate. Patients who were not dysphagic presented a lower risk of PI development in relation to patients who were dysphagic on admission (P = .047) and 7 days later (P < .001). On admission, patients with good and average diet acceptance had a lower PI risk (P = .002; P = .034) compared with those with a low acceptance. Body mass index was lower in patients at a high risk of developing PI compared with those at moderate risk (P = .02). Hemoglobin and hematocrit were statistically lower among patients who were at high risk of PI compared with patients who were low risk.
CONCLUSIONS
Predisposing factors such as immobility, dysphagia, low diet acceptance, nutrition risk, and anemia are associated with a greater risk of PI development.
anemia has an important relation with anthropometric markers that evaluate the depletion of lean mass; the BMI has a strong association with all the anthropometric parameters evaluated, as well as the albumin and capillary blood glucose, except with the values of hemoglobin.
Introdução: A hiperglicemia pode estar presente em até 38% dos pacientes hospitalizados. O controle glicêmico está associado a melhores desfechos clínicos.Objetivo: avaliar o comportamento da variabilidade glicêmica em pacientes hospitalizados com Diabetes Mellitus 2.Metodologia: Estudo transversal, composto por pacientes hospitalizados com e sem diabetes, adultos e idosos, de ambos os gêneros, em terapia nutricional enteral. As glicemias foram medidas por testes de glicemia capilar e classificadas como normoglicemia, hiperglicemia e variabilidade glicêmica, avaliados a partir do desvio-padrão glicêmico e coeficiente de variação glicêmico. Foram avaliados dados bioquímicos como Proteína C-reativa. A análise de variância de duas vias (ANOVA) foi utilizada para comparar os grupos, além da correlação de Spearman. Resultados: Participaram 85 indivíduos, com diabetes mellitus 2 (20%; n= 17), e sem diabetes mellitus (80%; n = 68), sendo 34% (n = 29) adultos e 66% (n=56) idosos. Adultos e idosos com diabetes mellitus apresentaram hiperglicemia em relação aos pacientes não diabéticos (p<0,01), valores superiores de desvio-padrão glicêmico (p<0,01) e coeficiente de variação glicêmica em relação aos pacientes sem diabetes (p= 0,03), no entanto, não foram classificados com variabilidade glicêmica. Os valores da Proteína C-reativa foram correlacionados com o desvio-padrão glicêmico (R= 0,29; p= 0,0065), no entanto, a quantidade de carboidratos infundida na dieta enteral não se correlacionou estatisticamente com as glicemias nem com a variabilidade glicêmica dos pacientes (p>0,05).Conclusão: pacientes hospitalizados com ou sem diabetes mellitus 2 não apresentaram variabilidade glicêmica, demonstrando um controle glicêmico na hospitalização.
Relation of micronutrients with antioxidant properties in patients with chronic diseases and exclusive enteral nutrition Relación de micronutrientes con propiedades antioxidantes en pacientes con enfermedades crónicas y con nutrición enteral exclusiva
Increased postoperative fasting time aggravates the nutritional status in patients with gastrointestinal tract neoplasiaEl aumento del tiempo de ayuno posoperatorio agrava el estado nutricional en pacientes con neoplasia del tracto gastrointestinal
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