White oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) is a highly nutritious food with simple cultivation process using sawdust as its main substrate. Nowadays, availability of sawdust become a problem for some mushroom farmers. Cardboard and vegetable wastes are easily found and difficult to maintain. Based on their characteristics, those wastes can be used as mushroom growth media. This study aims to determine the effect of cardboard and vegetable waste on mushroom growth and the best media composition to obtain maximum productivity. Those wastes are used as the main substrate in eleven composition variations with complete randomized design (CRD) analysis method using One-Way ANOVA and simple linear regression statistical test. The results showed, variations in media composition affect the condition of the media which then influence the growth of P. ostreatus. Maximum productivity was found in media composition XI with mycelium growth rate up to 3.91 cm/day, media IX with the biological efficiency up to 45.38%, and media X with the highest total yield up to 97.28 grams. From this study it can be concluded that cardboard and vegetable waste can be an alternative growth substrate for P. ostreatus in urban areas with a maximum concentration of vegetable waste no more than 30% by weight of the media used.
Shrimp is one of the main export commodities in Indonesia which has the potential to have bioactive compounds. Shrimp waste contains carotenoids, one of which is astaxanthin, a red-orange xanthophyll carotenoid which has potential pharmacological effects including anti-inflammatory. The purpose of this study was to test the anti-inflammatory activity of astaxanthin extract from Litopenaeus vannamei shrimp waste against the decrease in the number of neutrophils and lymphocytes in carrageenin-injected white rats. Tests carried out in this study include extraction, qualitative tests using Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC), Salkowski test, quantitative tests using UV-Vis spectrophotometry, High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC), purification using column chromatography, and preclinical tests using edema models of white rat feet with 1% carrageenin injection and various doses of the fraction given were 50 mg / kgBW, 100 mg / kgBW and 150 mg / kgBW, positive control (celexocib 18 mg / kgBW) and a negative control (propylene glycol 1 ml). The relative values of neutrophils and lymphocytes per 100 cells were statistically analyzed using SPSS, with a repeated measure ANOVA for the parametric test and Friedman test for the non-parametric test. The results showed that Litopenaeus vannamei shrimp waste extract contained terpenoids and astaxanthin with concentrations of 0.52 mg/gr crude extract and 220.77 mg/g fraction. The results of parametric and non-parametric analysis (p> 0.05) showed that there was no significant difference between each treatment in the decrease of the relative value of neutrophils and lymphocytes, at 0, 4 and 8 hour. The relative value of neutrophils and lymphocytes was still within the normal limit, which might also indicate that fraction did not change the relative value of neutrophils and lymphocytes which can cause neutrophilia (increased neutrophils) or neutropenia (decreased neutrophils) and lymphocytopenia (decreased lymphocytes) or ..........
Hand sanitizer is nowadays known as a part of one’s personal hygiene kit because of its practical use andeffectivity against skin microbes, such as Staphylococcus aureus. The common commercial hand sanitizers are madefrom alcohol which may have negative side effect like skin irritation. Utilization of active compounds from a plantthat has antibacterial compounds might be applied to the substitution of alcohol in the formulation of hand sanitizer.In this study, phytochemical compounds from Citrus reticulata and Citrus aurantifolia peel extracts were testedqualitatively and their antibacterial acitivity on Staphylococcus aureus were tested using disk diffusion method. Theresults showed that Citrus reticulata peel extract at the concentration of 70% was the most effective concentration ininhibiting Staphylococcus aureus. This certain concentration of Citrus reticulata peel extract was then chosen in the gelhand sanitizer formulation. Application of gel hand sanitizer with Citrus reticulata peel extract as its active compoundon the hands of respondents were also observed to inhibit bacterial growth. The use of peel extracts from Citrusspp, especially from Citrus reticulata might be potential in the formulation of non-alcohol based gel hand sanitizer.
Kampung Sayur Bausaran merupakan salah satu daerah percontohan dalam pertanian perkotaan di Kota Yogyakarta. Akan tetapi, kondisi pandemi Covid 19 menyebabkan penurunan produktivitas dan keterlibatan masyarakat dalam pertanian perkotaan ini. Melihat kondisi tersebut, civitas akademika UKDW tergerak untuk terlibat dalam keberlangsungan pertanian perkotaan di Bausasran. Program pengabdian ini bertujuan untuk memberdayakan 6 kelompok tani dan 1 lahan Gerakan Pekarangan Pangan di Kampung Bausasran melalui pembinaan sumber daya manusia, usaha, lembaga dan lingkungan. Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam program pengabdian ini meliputi pelatihan, penerapan dan simulasi pengetahuan dan teknologi. Kegiatan diawali dengan survey dan pemetaan kebutuhan masingmasing kelompok tani melalui wawancara secara langsung dengan pengurus kelompok tani. Berdasarkan hasil survey dan wawancara, terdapat perbedaan kebutuhan masingmasing kelompok tani berdasarkan kondisi, lokasi dan luas lahan pertanian. Meskipun demikian, program utama yang dibutuhkan masih terkait dengan pertanian. Metode bercocok tanam hidroponik secara sederhana menjadi salah satu solusi bagi pertanian perkotaan. Program pendukung meliputi usaha memperindah Kampung Sayur dan perbaikan manajemen serta administrasi. Program tersebut ditujukan untuk mengembangkan Kampung Sayur ke arah kawasan ekowisata berbasis edukasi pertanian. Pelaksanaan program ini disambut baik oleh perangkat desa dan pengurus kelompok tani. Lorong sayur yang hijau, diversifikasi produk olahan dan ketersediaan website dan media sosial untuk promosi merupakan bentuk pengembangan kelompok tani. Evaluasi dan perbaikan yang perlu dilakukan adalah pemetaan potensi kelompok tani yang lebih dalam dan rinci sehingga keunggulan dan potensi lokal yang ada dapat dikembangkan. Selain itu, diperlukan program pembinaan sumber daya manusia untuk meningkatkan motivasi masyarakat dalam memajukan pertanian perkotaan.
Tanaman berkhasiat obat banyak dimanfaatkan oleh masyarakat di Indonesia secara turun-temurun untuk mendukung kesehatan. Inventarisasi dan pemanfaatan beragam tanaman obat mutlak dilakukan untuk pengembangan potensinya dalam menunjang kesehatan. Pemanfaatan jamu sebagai produk olahan tanaman obat mulai mendapatkan perhatian lebih dari pemerintah melalui institusi kesehatan. Pengabdian ini bertujuan untuk membuat percontohan taman tanaman obat keluarga (Toga) di Dusun Ngelosari, Kecamatan Piyungan, Kabupaten Bantul yang memadukan rintisan ekowisata lereng bukit dan pengolahan tanaman obat keluarga. Kegiatan pengabdian ini didasarkan pada analisis situasi dan permasalahan kesehatan di lingkup Puskesmas Piyungan. Berdasarkan identifikasi masalah dan analisis kebutuhan yang dilakukan bersama puskesmas dan kader kesehatan maka pendekatan pengembangan percontohan taman toga, pelatihan dan pendampingan pada kelompok wanita tani (KWT) dipilih sebagai pendekatan yang diharapkan mampu menyelesaikan permasalahan kesehatan dan ekonomi masyarakat. Program terealisir dalam bentuk persiapan dan observasi lokasi taman Toga, pengembangan taman Toga percontohan, pelatihan budidaya tanaman obat, pasca panen dan pengolahan, serta pengemasan dan pemasaran produk herbal. Kegiatan ini mempunyai hasil berupa Taman Toga Ngupoyo Sehat yang menjadi sumber bahan baku produk jamu yang dihasilkan oleh KWT setempat. Selain meningkatkan pendapatan KWT setempat, pelaksanaan program dapat dipergunakan sebagai model sinergisme pengembangan konservasi dan peningkatan kesehatan masyarakat.
Hand sanitizers are widely used as an alternative way to maintain hand hygiene from the presence of pathogenic bacteria, such as Staphylococcus aureus. In general, excessive use of alcohol as the main ingredient in hand sanitizers might cause skin irritation. Utilizing antibacterial activity of plants as a component in hand sanitizer could be used as a substitution for alcohol. The aim of this study was to determine the potential antibacterial activity of lime peel and lemongrass extracts as active ingredients for hand sanitizer. Method used in this research included extraction using maceration, qualitative phytochemical test, antibacterial assay, and formulation of spray hand sanitizer and quality test of spray hand sanitizer. In this study alkaloid, flavonoid, saponin, tannin and terpenoid were found as phytochemical content of lime peel, while lemongrass extract contain fla vonoid, tanin, saponin and steroid. Compared to lemongrass extract, lime peel extract with concentration 40%showed the optimum inhibition zone of S. aureus and chosen as active ingredient in spray hand sanitizer formulation. Formulated spray hand sanitizer with lime peel extract was able to inhibit the growth of S. aureus bacteria on hand palm.
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