The aim of the paper is to analyze the bioethical aspects of the institution of human rights in Latin America. The result of the present research is the author's conclusion on the necessity of the practical implementation of legal provisions in this area, and their judicial enforcement in many states of Latin America with the aim of compliance with international standards of human rights. In the face of global uncertainty of COVID-19, it is more necessary than ever to maintain a strong commitment to international law and human rights with responsibility in bioethics, and also to seek to preserve and consolidate what has been advanced in the construction of a world order based on rules and shared values, along with a policy structured on common values and international principles. States must take international responsibility for wrongful acts for the violation of human rights in biolaw. The research methodology was based on general scientific and private scientific methods of cognition (the dialectical method, methods of analysis and synthesis, deduction and induction, comparative legal and historical legal methods). The biolaw basing on the International Law and Human Rights has its special understanding of the issue, which should be supported by further legislative development in Latin America. Latin American courts will not be able to make judgments on bioethical issues for a long time, while it is closely related to biopolitics and other controversial regional political positions. There are structural and historical problems of Latin American legal culture, a high index of criminal impunity and wide discretion of law-enforcement agencies that do not apply specific principles of biolaw and even bypass official bioethical guidelines in their practice. The author's give overview of the practice of Mexico on the matter of the legislative process in biolaw. The paper focuses on different theoretical approaches.
A Convenção para a Proteção dos Direitos Humanos e das Liberdades Fundamentais (CEDH), assinada em 4 de novembro de 1950 em Roma pelos representantes dos Estados Membros do Conselho da Europa, permite que indivíduos processem seus governos por violação dos direitos humanos. Apesar de sua importância em garantir os interesses supremos da pessoa, 70 anos após a assinatura da CEDH, ainda existem muitas dúvidas sobre a real eficácia que esta Convenção deve ter na hierarquia de fontes em nível nacional. Na Itália, alguns juízes começaram a desaplicar normas nacionais em conflito com a CEDH. Mas, em 2007, a Corte Costituzionale decidiu interromper essa tendência, que constituiu uma “exceção” indevida à supremacia constitucional e derrogou a revisão centralizada. Essa abordagem sofre algumas críticas. Para garantir uma eficácia real do sistema da CEDH, é necessário fortalecer e aumentar a autoridade dos direitos da Convenção em nível nacional, garantindo também a implementação rápida e eficaz dos acórdãos do Tribunal de Estrasburgo.
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