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Concentración del cortisol sérico en el caballo criollo colombiano Concentração de cortisol sérico no cavalo crioulo colombianoAbstract Background: Cortisol is indicative of adaptation to physiological factors, disease and environmental stress in equines. Cortisol recently gained attention for its prognostic value in critical disease and as an indicator of fi tness and athletic performance. Objective: To determine baseline serum cortisol (SC) morning concentrations in the Colombian creole horse (CCH). Methods: Blood serum was taken from 62 CCH of both genders with and average age of 8.8 years (± 5.3), which were clinically healthy and had diff erent performance levels. Results: The overall SC average determined by sandwich ELISA was 13.3 ± 7.4 mg/dL. No signifi cant diff erences were attributed to gender, age, or performance. Conclusion: This concentration can be used as a reference value for CCH maintained in low physical activity.

SummaryBackground: equine gastric ulcer syndrome (EGUS) has a multifactorial nature and it affects both the squamous and glandular mucosa of the stomach. Multiple therapeutic strategies involving large periods of medication are used to treat this condition. Objective: to evaluate the effects of administering corn oil (CO) to horses with induced gastric ulcers, and to describe the mechanism of action of the mucosal repair. Methods: fifteen horses divided into three groups were used. A combination of confinement and phenylbutazone was used during the ulcer-induction phase. After the gastroscopic evaluation and laboratory tests, animals were treated with sucralfate (SA; group I), and CO at doses of 70 and 90 mL/100 Kg (groups II and III, respectively). Gastroscopy, gastric content collection, and biopsy of the glandular mucosa were performed to analyze prostaglandin E 2 (PGE 2 ), pH, and antioxidant and oxidant parameters. Results: mild to moderate gastric lesions were induced in the glandular and non-glandular mucosa. Among the mechanisms of the treatments, reestablishment of the antioxidant parameters and inhibition of myeloperoxidase (MPO) oxidant enzyme were prominent, but PGE 2 concentration had a weak influence. Conclusion: similarly to SA, CO only had therapeutic effects in the glandular mucosa.

Frecuencia de comportamientos anormales y estereotipados en caballos de patrullaje policial urbano:Estudio de 48 horas continuas Frequência de comportamentos anormais e estereotipados em cavalos de patrulhamento policial urbano: Estudo de 48 horas contínuasAbstract Background: Abnormal and stereotypic behaviors in horses have been widely studied around the world and different epidemiological situations have been described for behavioral disturbances. Objective: To determine the frequency of abnormal and stereotypic behaviors in a population of police patrolling horses. Additionally, to establish chronic stress levels in the population of interest. Methods: Twenty police horses were evaluated. The animals went through 48 hours of continuous observation to record the frequency of normal, abnormal, and stereotypic behaviors. Cortisol index (CI) was calculated for all the subjects. Results: A 65% of the horses expressed behavioral disturbances, with 55% corresponding to stereotypies. The abnormal behaviors consisted on wood chewing, pawing, and bed eating. Stereotypic behaviors were weaving, stall walking, and aerophagia (crib-biting or wind sucking). According to the CI, 13 horses were under chronic stress (CI<0.30). Conclusion: High level of chronic stress, expressed as abnormal and stereotypic behaviors, was observed in the horses. Rev Colomb Cienc Pecu 2018; 31(1):17-25Zuluaga AM et al. Behavior of police horses Resumen Antecedentes: Los comportamientos anormales y estereotipados en caballos han sido ampliamente estudiados en el mundo, así como también diversas situaciones epidemiológicas relacionadas con estos disturbios. Objetivo: Determinar la frecuencia de los comportamientos anormales y estereotipados en una población de caballos de patrullaje de la policía y establecer su nivel de estrés crónico. Métodos: Se evaluaron 20 caballos. Los animales fueron observados durante 48 horas continuas para recopilar los comportamientos anormales y estereotipados. El índice del cortisol (CI) fue calculado para todos los animales. Resultados: El 65% de la población estudiada expresó disturbios del comportamiento, y el 55% de dichos disturbios se clasificó como estereotipias. Los comportamientos anormales observados consistieron en lignofagia, patear y comer cama. Los comportamientos estereotipados fueron balanceo, caminar en círculos y aerofagia. El CI mostró presencia de estrés crónico en 13 caballos (CI<0.30). Conclusión: Se encontró un alto porcentaje de estrés crónico en los caballos de la policía, expresado como comportamientos anormales y estereotipados.Palabras clave: bienestar, cortisol, equino, estrés, etograma. Resumo Antecedentes:Comportamentos anormais e estereotipados de cavalos têm sido amplamente estudados no mundo, assim como também diversas situações epidemiológicas relacionadas com estes distúrbios. Objetivo: Determinar a frequência de comportamentos anormais e estereotipados em uma população de cavalos de patrulhamento da polícia e estabelecer seu nível de estresse crónico. Métodos: Foram avaliados 20 eq...

Concentración de óxido nítrico y malonaldehído en contenido gástrico y en sangre en un modelo de úlcera gástrica equina inducida por fenilbutazona Concentração de óxido nítrico e malondialdeído no conteúdo gástrico e no sangue em modelo equino de úlcera gástrica Summary Background: mechanisms of gastric mucosal injury include cellular damage by oxygen free radicals, which can be indirectly measured through malondialdehyde (MDA). Production of nitric oxide (NO) maintains gastric tissue perfusion through vasodilatation. Objective: to demonstrate oxidative stress and impaired gastric perfusion measuring NO and MDA in gastric contents and blood of equines subjected to a gastrointestinal ulceration induction protocol. Methods: a gastrointestinal ulceration induction protocol involving fasting and oral administration of phenylbutazone was performed on five horses. NO and MDA were measured before and after protocol induction and presence of fecal occult blood (FOB) was evaluated. Animals underwent gastroscopy at the beginning and end of the protocol. Results: horses presented variability in hematological and FOB exams. Azotemia, hyperphosphatemia, and hypocalcemia were found in all animals. No significant changes were found in enzymatic activity. At the end of the protocol, 40% of the horses showed varying degrees of gastric ulceration. NO production in the stomach decreased by 60%, whereas MDA production increased by 55% after the protocol. Plasma concentration of MDA average increased 96 hours after starting the protocol. There were no significant differences in mean plasma NO during the protocol. Conclusion: the

Evidencia serológica retrospectiva de infecciones por Leptospira spp., dengue, hantavirus y arenavirus en indígenas Emberá-Katío, Colombia

Se reporta el caso de una yegua criolla colombiana de 18 años con historia de subfertilidad: celos continuos y prolongados, edema uterino categorizado entre 4 y 5, y quistes de tamaño moderado presentes en la capa endometrial y miometrial. Como plan diagnóstico se realizó un cultivo endometrial, histeroscopía y biopsia para histopatología. En el aislamiento del cultivo se encontró Proteus mirabilis. La histeroscopía mostró abundantes quistes en el cuerpo y cuernos uterinos. En la histopatología se evidenció hiperplasia de las glándulas endometriales con focos fibróticos e infiltrado mononuclear. La terapia con antibióticos, dimetil sulfóxido DMSO e infusión de plasma rico en plaquetas no mejoró su condición y la yegua no recuperó su función reproductiva.