Effects of corn oil on the gastric mucosa of horses with induced ulcer

Abstract

SummaryBackground: equine gastric ulcer syndrome (EGUS) has a multifactorial nature and it affects both the squamous and glandular mucosa of the stomach. Multiple therapeutic strategies involving large periods of medication are used to treat this condition. Objective: to evaluate the effects of administering corn oil (CO) to horses with induced gastric ulcers, and to describe the mechanism of action of the mucosal repair. Methods: fifteen horses divided into three groups were used. A combination of confinement and phenylbutazone was used during the ulcer-induction phase. After the gastroscopic evaluation and laboratory tests, animals were treated with sucralfate (SA; group I), and CO at doses of 70 and 90 mL/100 Kg (groups II and III, respectively). Gastroscopy, gastric content collection, and biopsy of the glandular mucosa were performed to analyze prostaglandin E 2 (PGE 2 ), pH, and antioxidant and oxidant parameters. Results: mild to moderate gastric lesions were induced in the glandular and non-glandular mucosa. Among the mechanisms of the treatments, reestablishment of the antioxidant parameters and inhibition of myeloperoxidase (MPO) oxidant enzyme were prominent, but PGE 2 concentration had a weak influence. Conclusion: similarly to SA, CO only had therapeutic effects in the glandular mucosa.

Phenylbutazone induces equine glandular gastric disease without decreasing prostaglandin E2 concentrations

“…The results of the present study are consistent with and build on previous studies suggesting that decreased basal glandular gastric PGE 2 concentrations may not be a key contributor to NSAID‐induced glandular gastric lesions in the horse (Martínez Aranzales et al., ; Martínez et al., ; Meschter et al.,).…”

“…A recent series exploring PGE 2 concentrations in gastric contents following phenylbutazone administration did not observe a decrease in released PGE 2 (Martínez Aranzales, Cândido de Andrade, & Silveira Alves, 2015;Martínez, Zuluaga, & Silveira, 2016). However, concentration in the gastric fluid may not necessarily reflect concentration within the gastric mucosa, and it is likely that mucosal concentrations are most critical to development of gastric lesions.…”

Equine Squamous Gastric Disease: Prevalence, Impact and Management

“… 144 A more recent study found that corn oil did not have any effect on healing in the squamous mucosa following phenylbutazone-induced ulceration. 145 The addition of oil may be useful in replacing calories when transitioning away from a high starch diet.…”

Equine Gastric Ulcer Syndrome: An Update on Current Knowledge

“…Supporting this, a combined omeprazole and sucralfate therapy for the treatment of EGGD is superior to omeprazole alone [ 148 ]. The recommended dose is currently 12 mg/kg PO bis in die (BID—twice a day) [ 1 ], although many authors report doses up to 20 or 30 mg/kg three to four times per day [ 97 , 149 ]. Comparisons of the clinical efficacy of different doses and frequency on naturally occurring disease have not been reported.8.3.…”