Context In Brazil, dairy cattle pasture-based systems use grass pasture as the main feed source, with little or no supplementation. However, it is necessary to invest in nutritional technologies that allow dairy cattle systems to produce milk with a high protein and energy content, and better total bacterial counts at low costs. Aims This study aimed to evaluate the effect of adding a common bean residue (CBR) to cattle diets on feed intake, digestibility and feeding behaviour of lactating dairy cows. Methods Eight lactating Holstein × Zebu crossbred cows, with an average bodyweight of 500 ± 30 kg (mean ± s.d.) and a mean daily milk yield of 13 ± 2 kg/cow were randomly assigned in a double 4 × 4 Latin square. The treatments consisted of four increasing levels of CBR (134, 240, 348 and 449 g/kg) in the concentrate. Key results The inclusion of CBR linearly decreased (P ≤ 0.034) the DM intake and neutral detergent fibre intake of pasture, sugarcane and the total diet. The inclusion of CBR did not affect (P ≥ 0.111) grazing, rumination or idle time. The feeding efficiency in kg DM/h and kg neutral detergent fibre corrected for ash and protein/h linearly decreased (P < 0.001), with an estimated decrease of 39.1 and 23.4 g/h respectively for every 10 g/kg of CBR added to the concentrate. The number of boluses per day and the time spent per ruminated bolus were not affected (P ≥ 0.086) by CBR inclusion. Conclusions The results obtained in this study indicate that the inclusion of up to 240 g/kg of CBR to the diets of lactating dairy cows with a mean daily milk yield of 13 kg, managed on pastures, is recommended. Implications The use of CBR, which has high availability in several countries, may be an alternative to supplying small ruminants.
Resumo -O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito da alimentação suplementar de resíduos de feijão no desempenho produtivo e nos parâmetros sanguíneos de vacas leiteiras em pastejo. Foram utilizadas oito vacas mestiças, com peso médio de 500 kg, distribuídas em duplo quadrado latino 4×4, alimentadas com alimentação suplementar de 134, 240, 348 e 449 g kg -1 de resíduos de feijão na ração concentrada. Os animais receberam a suplementação após a ordenha no período da manhã e da tarde. A inclusão de resíduos de feijão não alterou os pesos corporais médios e os escores corporais; no entanto, reduziu a produção de leite. Os teores de gordura, proteína bruta, lactose e extrato seco total não foram alterados pela inclusão dos resíduos de feijão. A concentração sanguínea de glicose e colesterol não foi alterada pela adição do resíduo antes do fornecimento de ração concentrada e nem quatro e seis horas após essa alimentação. A inclusão dos resíduos de feijão na ração concentrada de vacas leiteiras em pastejo, com produção média diária de 13 kg, reduz a produção de leite. Todavia, a utilização desses resíduos pouco influencia a composição do leite e os parâmetros sanguíneos.Termos para indexação: Phaseolus vulgaris, produção de leite, qualidade do leite, subproduto. Growth performance and blood parameters of dairy cows subjected to grazing and to a supplementary diet of bean residuesAbstract -The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of dietary supplement bean residue on growth performance and blood parameters of dairy cows grazing. Eight crossbred cows weighing 500 kg were analyzed, distributed in 4×4 double Latin square, and fed with 134, 240, 348, and 449 g kg -1 of a supplementary diet of bean waste in the concentrated feed. The animals received the supplementation after milking in the morning and in the afternoon. The inclusion of bean residues did not change average body weights and body scores; however, it reduced the milk production. Fat, protein, lactose, and total solid contents (g kg -1 ) were not changed by bean waste inclusion. Blood glycose and cholesterol did not change before the offering of the concentrated feed diet, nor after four to six hours of feeding this diet. The inclusion of bean residues in the concentrated feed of dairy cows subjected to grazing, with a daily average production of 13 kg, reduces milk production. However, the use of these residues has little effect on milk composition and blood parameters.Index terms: Phaseolus vulgaris, milk production, milk quality, byproduct. IntroduçãoPara que o produtor brasileiro seja competitivo, é necessário investir em tecnologias nutricionais que permitam que a bovinocultura leiteira produza leite com alto padrão de qualidade e a custo reduzido.A utilização de subprodutos agroindustriais é uma alternativa para viabilizar um plano nutricional que melhore os índices produtivos de bovinos leiteiros e contribua para a redução dos custos com alimentação; tais resultados são comprovados por diversos autores (Mendes Neto et al., 2007;Maciel e...
ResumoO efeito do transporte na qualidade e rendimento da carne determina a eficiência da produção de bovinos, os quais são dependentes de ações que se inicia desde o embarque na fazenda até ao desembarque dos animais no frigorifico. Portanto genética, manejo sanitário e manejo alimentar não são FONSECA, A.A. et al. Efeito do transporte na qualidade e rendimento da carne. PUBVET,
ResumoA carne suína é a carne mais consumida no mundo, e o mercado consumidor dessa carne tem se tornado cada vez mais exigente quanto à qualidade e à origem dos animais consumidos principalmente em questões de bem-estar em que esses animais foram produzidos. O estudo realizado demonstra as características de qualidade que a carne suína apresenta e abrange os momentos em que os animais mais sofrem estresse, demonstrando que os animais que são transportados na parte inferior do caminhão sofrem maiores
A differential factor in cattle production is the understanding of the individual contribution of fatty acids and the role of lipids in ruminants, both in the form of analysis (fatty acid or ether extract), concepts related to the characteristics of omega 3, omega 6 and linoleic acid conjugated in bio-hydrogenation, post-absorption metabolism, as well as in the content and composition of fatty acids in relation to the dry matter of foods. It is known that several factors can affect the content, digestibility and degradability of the fibers present in the forage, and the same occurs with lipids. The differences between the values of the compounds present in the lipids can occur depending on the environment, region of the country or harvest stage and for this reason, it is important to obtain an analysis of the composition of fatty acids in lipidic foods, so that in this way it is possible to optimize the use of this nutrient in the diet of ruminant animals. Therefore, the purpose of this review will be to bring up the discussion on the topic and address an understanding of the content and composition of fatty acids in the ingredients that make up the diet of ruminant animals, with emphasis on the influence on productive performance, immunonutrition, and on the product final (meat or milk).
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