word count: 238Text-Only word count: 3155. Tables: 2 Figures and 3 Tables "A Single Number of Figures and

word count: 248 Text-Only word count: 3716 Number of Figures and Tables: 4 Figures and 2 Tables Abstract:Purpose: This longitudinal study examined the training and concomitant changes in laboratory and field-test performance of highly trained endurance runners. Methods:Fourteen highly trained male endurance runners (mean ± SD: VO 2max 69.8 ± 6.3mL·kg -1 ·min -1 ) completed this 1-year training study commencing in April. During the study the runners undertook 5 laboratory tests of VO 2max , lactate threshold (LT) and running economy, and 9 field tests to determine critical speed (CS) and the modelled maximum distance performed above CS (D'). The data for different periods of the year were compared using repeated measures ANOVA. Highly trained endurance runners achieve small but significant changes in VO 2max and CS in a year. Increases in training distance and time above LT velocity were related to increases in CS.Keywords: VO 2max , critical speed, distance running, endurance, performance changes Introduction:

Wearing warm clothing during a 30-min transition phase improved swimming performance by 0.6%, compared to limited clothing.

Abstract:This study assessed whether the distance-time relationship could be modeled to predict time to exhaustion (TTE) during intermittent running. Thirteen male distance runners (age: 33±14yrs) completed a field test and three interval tests on an outdoor 400m athletics track.