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This work updates the existing list of obligate endemic serpentinophytes of the southern Iberian Peninsula. Serpentine ecosystems are developed on ultramafic outcrops which, although rare, have a worldwide distribution. The highly evolved and specialized flora that manages to inhabit these harsh ecosystems includes a very specialized and highly evolved group of plants known as serpentinophytes. Serpentinophytes are linked exclusively or almost exclusively to serpentine ecosystems. The existing list of obligate serpentinophytes (obligate endemics) which exist in the serpentine ecosystems of the southern Iberian Peninsula (Spain) consists of 22 taxa. New fieldwork has been done resulting in the description of new soil endemics and the discovery of new populations of this specialized flora. Consequently, bibliographical sources, databases such as the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF), and existing herbarium sheets have been revised. Crepis bermejana and Galatella malacitana have been added to the list and are proposed to be evaluated as threatened. Teucrium reverchonii has been excluded from the list. Euphorbia flavicoma subsp. bermejense and Armeria villosa subsp. serpentinicola required changes in nomenclature. These nomenclatural changes imply changes in population allocations. The revised list is composed of 23 obligate serpentinophyte taxa. Future conservation measures may include a complete Iberian (including Portugal) serpentinophytes checklist and corresponding revisions of States' legislation and Red Lists.

Peridotite outcrops have special lithological (serpentine) and soil characteristics; they also support an unique flora and vegetation "that clearly differ from that of other soil types. One of the most important peridotite outcrops in the Western Mediterranean Basin is located in Sierra Bermeja (Andalusia, Spain). The establishment of a complete ecological-floristic checklist of serpentinophytes in this area, and a comparison with other serpentine-endemic floras in the Mediterranean Basin, is essential for the assessment, management and conservation of these special areas. The recognition of serpentinophytes was made following six criteria used for floras inhabiting special substrata,. The list of species exclusively or partially found on peridotite comprises 27 taxa with a variable degree of serpentinophily: obligate serpentinophytes (obligate endemics), preferential serpentinophytes (populations located mainly on serpentine) and subserpentinophytes (with some populations located on magnesium-rich substrata). As observed in other Mediterranean outcrops, the number of obligate serpentinophytes increases with the area of the outcrop, and the genera Alyssum, Arenaria, Armeria, Centaurea and Silene were the most frequent. Most of the studied serpentinophytes, except for a few xerothermophilous taxa, present a wide bioclimatic (altitudinal) range and grow in shrublands and pastures in rocky places with shallow soils. As many as 56% of the serpentinophytes are threatened and, among obligate serpentinophytes, 45% are categorized as critically endangered or endangered, emphasizing the need for urgent conservation measures on the species and their habitats Based on this checklist, more detailed studies may focus on serpentinophytes for their particular physiology, adaptive traits, functional types, phenology and applications.

Se analiza la flora y vegetación del sur de la Península Ibérica (Andalucía, provincias de Cádiz y Málaga) con el fin de delimitar y subsectorizar la unidad fitogeográfica Aljíbica. Hemos reconocido 4 subsectores en base a la bioclimatología, flora y vegetación: Aljíbico, Algecireño, Marbellí y Sidonense. Incluímos el sector Aljíbico en la provincia Tingitano-Onubo-Algarviense. Dicha provincia forma parte de la superprovincia lberomarroquí-Atlántica que enlaza las regiones Eurosiberiana y Macaronesica con la Mediterránea. Las series de vegetación reconocidas en el sector Aljíbico han sido las siguientes: alcornocales de Myrto-Querceto suberis S y Teucrio-Querceto suberis S, quejigares de Rusco-Querceto canariensis S, robledales de Cytiso-Querceto pyrenaicae S, acebuchales de Tamo-Oleeto sylvestris S, algarrobales de Clematido-Ceratonieto siliquae S, alisedas de Arisaro-Alneto glutinosae S, hojaranzales de Frangulo- Rhododendreto baetici S, fresnedas de Ficario-Fraxineto angustifoliae S, brezales higrófilos de Genisto- Ericeto ciliaris S, choperas de Crataego-Populeto albae S, tarajales de Polygono-Tamariceto africanae S y de Agrostio-Tamariceto canariensis S y adelfares de Rubo-Nerieto oleandri S. Se lectotipifican Tamo-Oleetum sylvestris oleetosum y fraxinetosum angustifoliae y Polygono- Tamaricetum africanae aretosum italici. Como nuevos sintaxones se proponen Crataego-Populetum albae, Rusco-Quercetum canariensis quercetosum broteroi, Asparago-Calicotometum villosae juniperetosum turbinatae, Equiseto-Salicetum pedicellatate salicetosttm albae y Asperulo-Ulicetum scabri anthyllidetosum cytisoidis. Se describen nueve comunidades caracterizadas cada una por: Juniperus oxycedrus, Quercus lusitanica e Ilex aquifolium, Dianthus lusitanus, Potamogeton nodosus, Potamogeton pectinatus, Myriophyllum altermflorum,Callitriche stagnalis, Callitriche regis-jubae y Ranunculus tripartitos. Se cita como nueva serie para el subcontinente europeo Cytiso-Querceto pyrenaicae S y se propone una nueva serie, Crataego-Populeto albae S. Se incluye la alianza Campanulion velutinae en Tinguarrenalia siculae a la cual se le asigna el rango de suborden.

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Español. El objetivo de este trabajo es realizar un catálogo de la flora, de las comunidades vegetales y el estudio del dinamismo sucesional y del paisaje vegetal de la Sierra de Alcaparaín, que forma parte de una Zona de Especial Conservación (ZEC) situada en la provincia de Málaga (Andalucía, España). El macrobioclima es de tipo mediterráneo con termotipos termo y mesomediterráneo y ombrotipos seco y subhúmedo. El área de estudio está compuesta geológicamente por materiales calizo-dolomíticos, silíceos y peridotíticos, con elevadas pendientes y altitudes entre 400 y 1295 m. y se encuentra en la provincia fitogeográfica Bética (región Mediterránea), con los sectores Rondeño (zonas calizo-dolomíticas), Malacitano-Axarquiense (zonas silíceas) y Bermejense (zonas peridotíticas). El catálogo florístico se compone de 467 taxones, destacando el endemismo local Armeria grajoana y Centaurea carratracensis (VU), endémica del subsector Carratracense (sector Bermejense). Otros taxones interesantes son Linaria clementei (VU), Platycapnos tenuiloba subsp. parallela (VU), Polygala webbiana (única localidad europea), Salvia candelabrum (VU) y Sarcocapnos baetica subsp. baetica (VU). Son remarcables también un total de 7 serpentinófitos destacando Crepis bermejana, Galium boissieranum (VU) y G. viridiflorum (VU). Se han catalogado 28 comunidades y asociaciones vegetales, entre las que destacan como novedades sintaxonómicas la vegetación glerícola vivaz sobre peridotitas (Crambe filiformisCentaureetum carratracensis comb. nova et stat. nov.), los jarales silicícolas rondeños (Lavandulo stoechadisGenistetum equisetiformis ulicetosum baetici subass. nova), los pinares-sabinares mesomediterráneos (Pino halepensis-Juniperetum phoeniceae rhamnetosum myrtifoliae subass. nova) y los encinares edafoxerófilodolomitícolas (Rhamno myrtifoliae-Quercetum rotundifoliae ass. nova). El dinamismo sucesional se expresa en seis series de vegetación. Dos series climatófilas termo y mesomediterráneas de Quercus rotundifolia y de Quercus suber. Tres series edafoxerófilas: termo-mesomediterránea calcícola-dolomitícola de Pinus halepensis y Juniperus phoenicea, mesomediterránea dolomitícola de Quercus rotundifolia y serpentinícola con Juniperus oxycedrus. Existe también una serie edafohigrófila de saucedas (Salix pedicellata). En los frecuentes hábitats rupícolas se describen 3 complejos topogénicos (entre ellos uno con Saxifraga globulifera) y 2 glerícolas (uno sobre kakiritas con Linaria clementei y otro sobre serpentinas con Centaurea carratracensis). En la Sierra existen 8 grandes unidades de paisaje zonopotencial, caracterizados en gran medida por la presencia de Quercus rotundifolia y Q. suber, así como por gimnospermas como Pinus halepensis, Juniperus phoenicea y J. oxycedrus.English. The main objective of this work is to catalogue the flora and plant communities and to study the successional dynamics of the vegetation and landscape in the Alcaparain mountain range, which is part of a Special Area of Conservation (SAC) located in the province of Malaga (Andalusia, Spain). The macrobioclimate is Mediterranean with thermomediterranean and mesomediterranean thermotypes (vegetation belts) and dry and sub-humid ombrotypes. The study area is geologically composed of limestone-dolomitic materials, siliceous and ultramafic, with steep slopes and altitudes between 400 and 1295 m. and it is placed in the Betica phytogeographical province (Mediterranean region), with Rondeño sector (limestone-dolomite areas) Malacitano-Axarquiense sector (siliceous areas) and Bermejense sector (peridotite-ultramafic areas). The floristic list consists of 467 taxa, highlighting local endemism Armeria grajoana and Centaurea carratracensis (VU), this latter endemic to the Carratracense subsector (Bermejense sector). Other interesting taxa are Linaria clementei (VU), Platycapnostenuiloba subsp. parallela (VU), Polygala webbiana (unique European population), Salvia candelabrum (VU) and Sarcocapnos baetica subsp. baetica (VU). Also noteworthy are a total of 7 serpentinophytes highlighting Crepis bermejana, Galium boissieranum (VU) and G. viridiflorum (VU). 28 communities and plant associations have been catalogued, among which are new syntaxa as the perennial scree vegetation on peridotites (Crambe filiformisCentaureetum carratracensis comb. nova et stat. nov.), the silicicolous shrublands of Rondense subsector (Lavandulo stoechadis-Genistetum equisetiformis ulicetosum baetici subass. nova), the mesomediterranean pine-juniper open forest (Pino halepensis-Juniperetum phoeniceae rhamnetosum myrtifoliae subass. nova) and dolomitic edaphoxerophyllous oak shrublands (Rhamno myrtifoliae-Quercetum rotundifoliae ass. nova). The successional dynamism is expressed in six vegetation series. Two are thermo- and mesomediterranean climatophilous series of Quercus rotundifolia and Quercus suber respectively. Three are edaphoxerophyllous series: thermo-mesomediterranean calcicolous-dolomiticolous with Aleppo pine and Juniperus phoenicea, dolomiticolous mesomediterranean of Quercus rotundifolia and serpentinicolous with Juniperus oxycedrus. There is also one edaphohygrophyllous series of willow (Salix pedicellata). Vegetation of the frequent rocky and cliff habitats are described in three topogenous complexes (including one with Saxifraga globulifera) and two in screes (one on kakirite sands with Linaria clementei and another on serpentine small slopes with Centaurea carratracensis). In the Sierra there are eight large zonopotential units of landscape, mainly characterized by the presence of Quercus rotundifolia (and in a lesser extent, Q. suber) as well as gymnosperms as Aleppo pine, Juniperus phoenicea and J. oxycedrus.Â

In this work we try to determine whether the modifications in the functional traits of a plant species, both morphological and phenological, and caused by the adaptive serpentinomorphoses syndrome are enough to differentiate a new taxon. For this purpose, Genista hirsuta subsp. lanuginosa, a western Mediterranean serpentinophyte (subserpentinophyte) with populations both on serpentines and outside them was selected. The study of functional types (functional traits, which link morphology with adaptations, and phenological reproductive and vegetative phases) was performed in both populations. The results showed that there were statistically significant differences between the two types of populations (serpentine and non-serpentine) with respect to some of the quantitative functional characters studied (plant height, crown diameter, Specific leaf area (SLA), and length of photosynthetic stems). Moreover, other differences were detected with respect to semi-quantitative and qualitative traits: location of renewal buds, branch type, morphology of aerial part, bark consistency, leaf tomentosity, morphology of the root system, and organ redness. Some of them are consistent with serpentinomorphoses syndrome, such as the existence of dwarfism (height of plants), cushion habit, macro-rooted plants and lower SLA (stenophylly) in serpentine populations, besides the presence of redness, which could be a character also linked to serpentinomorphoses. However, neither glaucescent organs nor glabrescence were observed (on the contrary, there is a greater general tomentosity in the plants of the serpentine population). In addition, phenological differences were detected, consisting of a generalized shortening of the phenophases and a certain delay in the reproductive phenophases in the serpentine populations, a characteristic trait in serpentine flora, and differences in sequencing phenophases. These facts lead to propose the use of phenology, in combination with functional traits, to detect serpentinomorphoses syndrome. The detected differences are enough to separate taxonomically the two populations of Genista hirsuta subsp. lanuginosa, proposing for the non-serpentine populations a new variety: var. silicicola nov.

Hoffmannseggia glauca (Ortega) Einfer (Fabaceae, Cesalpinioideae) a new metaphyte in Southern Iberian Peninsula (Malaga, Spain)Palabras clave. Hoffmannseggia, flora alóctona, Andalucía, España.Key wods. Hoffmannseggia, alien flora, Andalucía, Spain.