The research Ethics committee of the Faculty of Pedagogy and Psychology (ELTE) granted a central permission (permission nr: 2019/47). Many other labs obtained IRB approval too, which approvals can be found here: https://osf.io/j6kte/ . Participants had to give informed consent before starting the experiment. Only participants recruited through Mturk or Prolific received monetary compensation.Note that full information on the approval of the study protocol must also be provided in the manuscript.
IntroductionActive acromegaly is a rare chronic endocrine disorder caused by excessive growth hormone (GH). Clinical studies suggest that cognitive performance is impaired in acromegaly – particularly executive function as well as short- and long-term memory. This study compared the quality of life (QoL) and executive functioning in acromegaly patients vs healthy controls.Materials and methodsThis was an observational case–control study on 38 subjects divided into 19 acromegaly patients and 19 matched controls. The groups were evaluated for QoL, attention, and executive function. All subjects completed Acromegaly Quality of Life Questionnaire (AcroQoL), Trail Making Test (parts A and B), Stroop, and phonemic fluency tests.ResultsAcromegaly patients had an AcroQoL global score that was significantly lower than controls. There were significant differences between the acromegaly group and the control group in terms of the physical effects (P=0.001) and appearance (P<0.001) but not for personal relationships (P=0.421). Acromegaly patients performed worse in the trail making test part B. They provided significantly fewer words than healthy subjects in phonemic fluency testing. Although patients performed generally worse than controls, no significant differences were noted in the trail making test part A, Stroop test, and the constrained phonemic fluency.ConclusionAcromegaly patients display worse executive functioning than healthy controls and have a decreased QoL.
Scientific theories reflect some of humanity's greatest epistemic achievements. The best theories motivate us to search for discoveries, guide us towards successful interventions, and help us to explain and organize knowledge. Such theories require a high degree of specificity, and specifying them requires modeling skills. Unfortunately, in psychological science, theories are often not precise, and psychological scientists often lack the technical skills to formally specify existing theories. This problem raises the question: How can we promote formal theory development in psychology, where there are many content experts but few modelers? In this paper, we discuss one strategy for addressing this issue: a Many Modelers approach. Many Modelers consist of mixed teams of modelers and non-modelers that collaborate to create a formal theory of a phenomenon. We report a proof of concept of this approach, which we piloted as a three-hour hackathon at the SIPS 2021 conference. We find that (a) psychologists who have never developed a formal model can become excited about formal modeling and theorizing; (b) a division of labor in formal theorizing could be possible where only one or a few team members possess the prerequisite modeling expertise; and (c) first working prototypes of a theoretical model can be created in a short period of time.
This paper presents the problem of minimizing energy consumption and maximizing lifetime in a many-to-one sensor network. In such network pattern, all sensor nodes generate and send data to a single and fixed base station (BS), via multi-hop transmissions. When all the sensor data have to be forwarded to a single BS via multi-hop routing, the traffic pattern is highly non-uniform, putting a high burden on the sensor nodes close to the BS. Some strategies that balance the energy consumption of the nodes and ensure maximum network lifetime by balancing the load are proposed and analyzed. The key element of the research is the use of multiple transmission power levels. We studied an optimal solution for calculating the hop-by-hop traffic proportions for the particular case of nodes having just two transmission power levels, and compared the results given by the heuristics with those from the optimal analytical case. Another goal is to propose and implement a systematic approach for the construction of the sensor network based on real sensor nodes. The neighbor discovery phase, the way in which the BS finds out the network topology and than impose the strategy and decide whether the nodes to act locally or respect the instruction from the sink are part of the protocol that is described in the paper.
Repetition behavior such that involved in some professional circumstances (e.g., sport or musical training) seems to generate consistent and relatively typical changes, as a consequence of cerebral plasticity. We comparatively examined, independently for each hand, the performances in a line bisection task of three equivalent (in respect to relevant demographic parameters) groups of male subjects, all right-handed: professional sportsmen in branches requiring eye-hand coordination (n = 27), students in sports and physical education who practice the same sport disciplines but not at professional level (n = 28), and students in other faculties in which physical education is optional into the curriculum (n = 29). Using the right hand, the sportsmen show a clear left pseudohemineglect, compared with the subjects of the control groups. Using the left hand all groups of subjects seem to present a right pseudohemineglect, which is significantly more reduced in sportsmen. The results are explained in the frame of the ''Group Cortical Organisation and Activation Theory''.
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