Sponge is often used as a bio indicator and bio monitoring in determining the level of heavy metal contamination in the sea. The purpose of this research is to analyze the destruction of PAHs and the reduction of heavy metal toxicity. Biodegradation and bio-adsorption occur with a 30-day interaction between bacterial symbiont sponge suspension against modified liquid waste containing a mixture of PAHs (naphthalene) contaminants, heavy metals Cr (VI) and Cd (II). The period of interaction of bacteria with heavy metals for 15 days, bio-adsorption power was determined using AAS, while the interaction with PAHs, the level of biodegradation was measured using GC-MS and Infrared Spectrophotometer. The results achieved bacteria BP and PS, have biodegradation and bio-adsorption activities against extreme waste contaminated with a mixture of naphthalene and heavy metal. The level of biodegradation of BP bacteria to naphthalene is weaker than PS bacteria. The bio-adsorption power of PS bacteria is higher for Cr (VI) and Cd (II) ions. The components of naphthalene in extreme waste inhibit the bio-adsorption performance of BP and PS bacterial, conversely there is an effect of inhibition of bacterial activity on the biodegradation process of naphthalene by the presence of heavy metals.
Generally, all petroleum processing industries produce oil sludge or sludge. Polycy-clic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAH), one of the components contained in sludge, are hazardous and toxic waste material with toxic, carcinogenic and mutagenic properties. The research objective was to understand the biodegradation mechanism of naphthalene by utilizing a marine sponge symbiotic bacterial isolate. Partial bacteria Bacillus Sp strain AB353f (BC), sponge isolate Neopetrosia sp and Acinetobacter Calcoaceticus strain PHCDB14 (AC) isolate sponge Callyspongia (Aerizusa) as biomaterial for PAH degradation. Biodegradation method integrates bacterial suspension with 10,000 ppm naphthalene for 25 days. Every 5 days, the bio-degradation indicators were observed and the products of the destruction of naphthalene components were measured using FTIR and GC-MS. The results showed that BC isolates and AC isolates from sponge symbionts could degrade naphthalene. The biodegradation performance of BC bacteria tended to be more dominant than AC against naphthalene. Based on the functional groups resulting from FTIR, three types of biodegradation products were identified, namely: alcohol, aldehyde and carboxylic acid and one transition product in the form of a cate-chol. Maximum naphthalene bio-degradation occurs at an interaction period of 20 - 25 days.
Objective: The current study aims to determine total flavonoid content (TFC), total phenolic content (TPC), and total carotenoid content (TCC) of ethanolic extract of Purslane (Portulaca oleraceae L.). Material and Method: Herb of Purslane (Portulaca oleraceae L.) was extracted using ethanol. Determination of total flavonoid content (TFC), total phenolic content (TPC), and total carotenoid content (TCC) The method used spectrophotometer UV-VIS by the used standard curve to compare the total content by linear regression calculation. Result: The results of this study demonstrated the TPC, TFC, and TCC value was 2.00 mg HE/g DW, 0.53 mg EQ/g DW, 128 mg GAE/g DW, respectively. For anti-obesity, a 200 mg/kg BW sample group had the greatest percentage decrease compared to the other groups (21.868%). Conclusion: This study showed that Purslane is a good source of flavonoids, phenolic, and carotenoids. Meanwhile, the ethanol extract of this plant has prospect potential as anti-obesity.
Phaleria macrocarpa has chemical constituents that are flavonoids. Flavonoids may act as antioxidants and modulate the immune system. This study aimed to determine the effect of immunostimulatory infusion Phaleria macrocarpa using hemagglutination method. The animals were white rats (Rattus norvegicus) male. The animals were divided into 5 groups. Group I (control), group II (SDMD 5%), group III, IV and V are the groups given Phaleria macrocarpa infusion at the dose of 7.5 %, 15 % and 30 % respectively for 7 days. The animals were induced SDMD 5% intraperitoneally. Observations were made with a view the agglutination titer blood serum of the mice with SDMD. The results showed that infusion of Phaleria macrocarpaprovide the highest concentration at the 7.5% for titer antibody.
Inflammation is the body’s protective response to tissue injury caused by harmful agents characterized by edema. Talinum paniculatum (jact.) Gaertn leaves contain secondary metabolites such as flavonoids, steroids, and tannins known to have anti-inflammatory effects. The research aimed to determine the effective dose of Talinum paniculatum (jact.) Gaertn leaves as anti-inflammatory against rats. This research was conducted using rats which were divided into 3 groups: control (prednisone), extract of Talinum paniculatum (jact.) Gaertn leaves at doses of 1 g/kgbw and 2 g/kgbw. The width and thickness of the edema were measured for 5 hours using a caliper to calculate the total AUC value. Then it was analyzed statistically using Kruskal-Wallis test followed by Mann-Whitney test. The results of statistical analysis showed that the group at the dose of 2 g/kgbw had an anti-inflammatory effect not significantly different from the control group. It was concluded that the water extract of Talinum paniculatum (jact.) Gaertn leaves had anti-inflammatory activity at the effective dose of 2 g/kgbw.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.