This study aims to analyze the initiative and level of community self-assistance in water resources conservation, analyze the influence of family socio-economic characteristics on the level of self-assistance in water resources conservation, and formulate a self-assistance conservation model in the upstream area of the Renggung watershed. This research was carried out in the upstream area of the Renggung watershed. Data were collected observation, in-depth interviews, document review. Data were analyzed based on a Likert scale and multiple regression. The results of the study are as follows: (1) Initiatives and the level of community self-assistance in the conservation of water resources in the upstream area of the Renggung watershed are classified in the “Low” category; (2) The socio-economic characteristics of the family that have a significant effect on the level of self-assistance are age and income. Age has a positive effect, while income has a negative effect; and (3) Self-assistance conservation models that can be developed are: Development of Village-owned Fruit and Ornamental Plant Tourism Parks; Productive Economic Business Empowerment; and Development of Conservation Crop Compensation.
The Village Conservation Model (MDK) is a program focused on empowering communities around the conservation areas. This research aims to analyze the performance of MDK in Gunung Rinjani National Park (TNGR) from the institutional perspective and rights of community access to resources in TNGR. The approach used in this research combines the qualitative and quantitative methods. The result showed that MDK in TNGR both in Santong Village and Pesangrahan Village did not regulate the rights of community access to the resources utilization in TNGR area which has been going on. On the other hand, the institutional structure of MDK also did not regulate the operationalization of MDK implementation such as the monitoring mechanism, the enforcement of a sanction, the benefit-cost sharing and the stakeholder’s involvement of MDK implementation. This has implications for the low performance of MDK institution in TNGR. It takes the arrangement of MDK institutional elements such as the boundary of Jurisdiction, Property Right and representative regulation that is expected to adapt to the characteristics of local communities and the interests of other stakeholders.
The purpose of this study was to assess the performance of KPHL Sungai Wain and DAS manggar (SWDM) in carrying out forest management at site level using criteria and indicators from Forest Watch Indonesia version 1.0. The results show that the overall average of the criteria being assessed is an insufficient range, which means that the SWDM KPHL is good enough to perform its function as a forest management unit at the site level. However, after the implementation of Law 23 of 2014, HLSWDM management institutions have uncertainty due to lack of coordination between the parties in following up the policy change. Thus, it takes an approach oriented to the four main dimensions, namely; external environmental conditions, institutional motivation, capacity and institutional performance.
Mostly, there are many factors that cause erosion as follow rainfall, construction and agricultural activities. All these factors refered to uncontrol human activities. The global impacts erosion and sedimentation include disturbance ecosystem, sedimentation in rivers basins and reservoirs and increase emission potential. High erosion can be reduce soil nutrient, organic matters and water availability. The study used USLE method to determine erosion and sedimentation. To measure the effectiveness vegetative planting, we used spatial analysis. The result of spatial analysis show that around 8.58 ton/year of sediment in Limboto lake. The result sediment from Alo Sub-Watershed, Molamahu, Pulubala and Batulayar that contribute sediment around 3.8 million tons/year in Limboto watershed. In region of northern and southern sub watershed such as Pone, Marisa, Biyonga, Talumelito, Tulandenggi, Pilolalenga, Payunga and Tabongo that contribute erosion dan sediment around 5,95 ton/year in Limboto lake, Topodu rivers and Tomini Bay. According erosion classification, Limboto watershed area is dominated very heavy erosion around 29.28%. To control erosion and sedimentation, the land should be restoration reaches 55.82% or 49.892 ha through re-vegetation around 18.30% or 16.362 and develop agroforestry system around 37.51% or 33.530 ha of total Limboto watershed area. The effectiveness of activities revegetation and develop agroforestry system is able to control erosion until 89.56%
The purpose of this research is to analyze the legal issues that cause FMUs to not work optimally in managing forests sustainably. Some of the legal issues analyzed are related to the institution, permit authority, funding, and RPHJP development. This research uses a statute approach and retrospective (ex-post) analysis by examining various laws and regulations in the forestry sector related to FMUs and its implementation. The results of this study indicate that the FMU has serious legal issues in terms of institution, permit authority, funding, and Long-Term Forest Management Plan/RPHJP development. From an institutional perspective, FMUs are at the crossroads of the authorities of the four directorates generals in the Ministry of Environment and Forestry. In terms of authority, FMUs are the spearhead of forest management at the site level, but FMUs do not have adequate authority in managing forests in their areas. Then from the funding side, FMUs are faced with a minimum budget as well as no guarantee of funding for their RPHJP. And finally, in terms of the RPHJP development, FMU faces serious challenges after the enactment of Law No. 23/2014, and laws and regulations overlapping, particularly those related to the implementation of DG Forest Planology Regulation No. P.5/2012..
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