Metal-filled composites based on polypropylene waste have been successfully obtained with an injection molding method of metalized polymer raw materials. Using the model polymer, the peculiarities of the formation of the copper layer in solutions of chemical metallization on the polypropylene surface were investigated and the main factors influencing this process were established. The main influence on the rate of reduction of copper in solutions of chemical metallization has the concentration of copper sulfate, sodium hydroxide, and EDTA-Na2. It was shown that the efficiency of the copper plating process also strongly depends on polymer processing, which follows the activation. In case of the use of simple activation, it is not possible to obtain metalized raw materials with high efficiency. Additional processing of activated polymer raw materials is required to carry out the process with high efficiency. The amount of reduced copper on the polymer surface can be adjusted by changing the concentration of the components of the chemical metallization solution, as well as the degree of loading of the polymer raw material. Examination by electron scanning microscopy of the obtained metalized polypropylene showed that the copper coating on the polymer particles is formed with a high degree of surface coverage. The formed copper coating is free of copper oxides, which is confirmed by X-ray diffraction studies and analysis of the spectrum of characteristic X-rays. Metal-filled composites have been characterized by the effect of copper on mechanical and rheological (MFR) properties. The Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and Thermogravimetric (TG) methods show a certain effect of metal on the magnitude of thermal effects and the rate of weight loss.
The results of experimental researches of features of mechanical activation of polyethylene granules with finely dispersed zinc in a ball mill, and also results of research of chemical copper plating of activated polyethylene granules are given. The influence of the ratio of polyethylene granules and fine zinc, the speed of rotation of the ball mill and the duration of activation, as well as the degree of loading of the components in the activation process of polyethylene granules was studied. It is established that the condition of activation of polyethylene granules with finely divided zinc has a significant impact on the metallization process and the copper efficiency of activated polyethylene granules.
The results of experimental studies of the peculiarities of metallization of granular polyethylene are presented. The influence of concentration factors on the metallization process of zinc-activated polyethylene granules of brand Liten PL-10 was investigated. It is established that by changing the concentration of copper sulfate and sodium hydroxide, as well as the degree of loading of polymeric raw materials, it is possible to effectively regulate the amount of recovered copper on granules of polyethylene, and therefore the thickness of the metal layer formed on them. The use of the method of preliminary processing of activated polyethylene granules in a solution of copper sulfate can significantly reduce the induction period and increase the rate of recovery of copper ions.
The study evaluated IL8 -781C/T and IL10 -592C/A, -1082A/G polymorphisms association with recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) (n=110 case, n=106 control). IL10 -592АА genotype and -1082A allele carriers frequency was higher in RPL group (6.6 %, 87.3 %) comparing to control (0.9 %, 76.4 %). The -1082A allele carriers have twice increased RPL risk (OR=2.12; CI95 %: 1,(3)(4)34). Keywords: IL8 gene/ IL10 gene/ interleukin/ recurrent pregnancy loss. НВ (6,6 %, 87,3 %) порівняно з контрольною (0,9 %, 76,4 %). Ризик невиношування у носіїв алелю -1082A вдвічі вище (OR = 2,12; CI95 %: 1,(3)(4)34).Дата надходження рукопису 15.08.2014Kucherenko Anastasiia, PhD student, junior research fellow, Department of general and molecular genetics,
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